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Showing: 61 - 80 of 584 results
  1. High Complexity Golden Gate Assembly with NEB’s DAD

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 1, 2023, 1:15 p.m.
    ...reactions. (Need a refresher? The five rules are: (1) don’t use the same overhang twice; (2) avoid palindromes...Gate) pot (Pryor et al., 2022).     Figure 1: Workflow for high complexity Golden Gate Assemblies...different enzymes and cycling conditions (see Table 1).   Enzyme Temperature Incubation time/cycling...cycling Overhang length T4 DNA ligase 25 °C 1 hour 3-base or 4-base T4 DNA ligase 25 °C ...hours 3-base or 4-base T4 DNA ligase 37 °C 1 hour 3-base or 4-base T4 DNA ligase 37 °C ...Ligase MM 37-16 °C cycling 3-base Table 1: Enzyme and cycling conditions available in DAD tools...cycling. The Pros and Cons Researchers used the tools above to complete a 52-piece assembly of a 40 kb T7 phage...
  2. Plasmids 101: Gateway Cloning

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Jan. 12, 2017, 3:30 p.m.
    ...recombination sites (attL-left- and attR-right-, Figure 1). Under certain conditions, the attL and attR sites...regeneration of attP and attB sites.   Figure 1: Lambda phage integration and excision reactions. ...expression of the human KRAS gene in mammalian cells. STEP 1: Generate an Entry Clone There are a few different...could use a vector like pLenti CMV Puro DEST (w118-1) or the doxycycline-inducible pLIX_403. The chosen...the generation of the expression construct in only 1 day, as opposed to 2+ days with traditional restriction... Find Gateway cloning plasmids here! References 1. Chee JY, Chin CF (2015) Gateway Cloning Technology... expression systems. Keep reading to learn more about the Gateway cloning method and its advantages. An...
  3. Some Like it Hot: Thermostable GeoCas9

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Sept. 14, 2017, 12:40 p.m.
    ...Cells? Yes Yes Longevity in Serum?* No Yes Table 1. Comparing SpCas9 and GeoCas9. *For in vitro Cas9 ...GeoCas9 is active at high temperatures Figure 1: Thermostability of SpCas9 vs GeoCas9. SpCas9 or GeoCas9...from 25-80 °C. Activity is expressed as Kcleave (min-1). SpCas9 has maximum activity from 35-45 °C, while...outperformed SpCas9 at high temperatures. See Figure 1 for a summary of the experimental results. GeoCas9..., see the table below and read on to learn more about GeoCas9.   SpCas9 GeoCas9 Size 1368 AA 1087...vivo. What aspect of GeoCas9 are you most excited about? Thermostability? Longevity in human plasma? Something... Additional Resources on the Addgene Blog Read about CRISPR Methods for Bacterial Genome Engineering   ...
  4. Quick Guide to All Things Lentivirus

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 21, 2017, 2:30 p.m.
    ...family including human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), can infect both dividing and non-dividing cells...have been devoted to develop efficient and safe HIV-1-derived lentiviral vectors due to their ability to...lentiviral vectors consisted of three plasmids encoding 1) the lentiviral vector genome which was composed of...desired gene (transfer vector plasmid), 2) the HIV-1 genome containing all viral genes with the exception...generation because this vector requires only three HIV-1 genes (gag, pol, and rev) for production. Third generation...several protocols that have been described (protocol 1, protocol 2, protocol 3) to find the one that will...to additional protocols and plasmids.  References 1. Miller, A. DUSTY, and C. A. R. O. L. Buttimore. "...
  5. Plasmids 101: FLEx Vectors

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    April 28, 2016, 2:30 p.m.
    ...coding sequence in the antisense orientation (Figure 1, top). The entire DNA cassette would be flanked by...include both Cre and FLP recombinases.   Figure 1 (modified from Schnutgen et al. Nat Biotech 2003):...identical sites on one end of the DNA fragment (Figure 1, middle). A second recombination event then excises...between the identical loxP or lox511 sites (Figure 1, bottom). Since only one loxP and lox511 site will...genOway press release for more information. References: 1. Schnütgen F, Doerflinger N, Calléja C, Wendling O... Blog  Read about Other Means of Genome Engineering Using FLEx AAV Vectors? Learn about Viral Vector ...12665802. 2. Branda, CS and Dymecki, SM. Talking about a Revolution: The Impact of Site-Specific Recombinases...
  6. Pathways Over Time Plasmids Engage Students in Functional Genomics Research

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 22, 2018, 1:38 p.m.
    ...public. You can find out more about Clare at the Biology Dept. site.  References 1. American Association for...authentic research experiences to undergraduate students (1, 2), but educators face significant challenges in ...6). Methionine synthesis in S. cerevisiae (Figure 1) occurs through a well-characterized pathway with ...sequences for ten different MET/Met genes (Figure 1) from the two yeast species into the pYES2.1/V5-His...selected from different parts of the Met pathway (Fig. 1). In addition to the complementation experiments that...Addgene Blog Learn about Synthetic Biology with BioBuilder Use Addgene Videos to Learn about Basic Lab Techniques...species, but these studies generally leave questions about gene function wide open. What if two seemingly similar...
  7. Viral Vectors 101: What is a Virus (and a Viral Vector)?

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 18, 2023, 4:15 p.m.
    ... an envelope are called enveloped viruses (Figure 1). Like bacteria, only a tiny fraction of viruses are...are pathogenic (Balloux & van Dorp, 2017). Figure 1: A non-enveloped virus (left) and an enveloped virus...create far safer viral vectors that can be used in BSL-1 or BSL-2 labs. Viral vectors are viruses that have... https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800947-5.00004-1 Taylor, M. W. (2014). What Is a Virus? In M. W. Taylor... using biorender.com   If you’re new to talking about viruses, here’s a quick tip on terminology. “Virus...have a growing number of Viral Vectors 101 posts about each type, so be sure to check our blog, or our ...
  8. Multiplex Genome Editing with CRISPR-Cpf1

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 9, 2017, 2:12 p.m.
    ...For these experiments, cells were infected with a 1:1 ratio of two AAVs,  one expressing Cpf1 and the other...or thoughts about Cpf1 multiplexing, leave them in the comments below.        References 1. Zetsche et...comparison of Cpf1 vs. Cas9, see the table below. Table 1. Comparing the Cas9 and Cpf1 CRISPR Nucleases   ...Overall, these approaches have two main drawbacks: 1) Most rely on transfection of more than one vector...targets compared to Cas9.  Read on to learn more about Cpf1 multiplexing.  For an in-depth review of Cpf1...
  9. Twenty Years of Sharing: Expanding Accessibility

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Nov. 21, 2024, 10:47 p.m.
    ...our repository to an amazing 111 countries (Figure 1)! But while we were making the materials available...accessibility varied country to country.   Figure 1: Number of countries Addgene distributes to per year...date, we have partnered with six distributors (Table 1), in China, Korea, Japan, Brazil, India, and Mexico...material is right for their experiment.     Table 1: Most popular guides, protocols, and collections of...in 2023, from visitors in 218 countries. In Table 1, you can see our most popular educational resources... execute a step can provide needed clarity (Table 1). Our most popular video, however, is “What is a Plasmid...a less tangible form: knowledge and information about the materials in our repository. We started to increase...
  10. Which Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques is Best for Me?

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 10, 2017, 1:57 p.m.
    ... microscopy contrast technique in modern biology (1). When performed correctly, fluorescence microscopy...relatively thicker three dimensional sample (see Figure 1); similar to an MRI or CT scanner. This is accomplished... the resolution of a light microscope (see Figure 1). What microscopy technique should I use for my experiment...new sample I always start by asking two questions: 1) Is the sample dynamic or static? 2) Is the sample...of modern day fluorescence microscopes (see Table 1). Thin dynamic samples Ex: monolayers of live cells...excitation light can push imaging depths closer to 1 mm. Traditionally, 2-photon has been a very slow imaging...manufacturers have similar information References 1. Lichtman JW, Conchello JA. Fluorescence microscopy...
  11. How-to: 5 Steps to a Great Panel Discussion

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 22, 2014, 1:57 p.m.
    ...not let the panelists introduce themselves. I do a 1-2 minute introduction. If you chose good panelists...take 5 minutes to introduce themselves and, voila, 1/2 of your time is gone with no interesting discussion...introductions. The moderator asks questions, calling on 1-2 panelist for each question in a way that elicits... time you are at a talk and the speaker goes over 1 hour, watch what happens to the attention of the audience...postures shift, they are checking out. If you can, plant 1-2 good questions with trusted audience members. A ... are nice if you can afford them). I am talking about making sure the audience is interested, educated...of the stories or topics you know they can speak about. There should be some spontaneity, but having a ...
  12. Antibodies 101: Producing Recombinant Antibodies

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 13, 2024, 1:15 p.m.
    ...materials have been washed away (Figure 1).      Figure 1: The steps of rAb production. Created ...EBNA1 Cells. Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1850:1-16. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8730-6_1. PMID: 30242676. Frenzel...Neuroscience Research. Curr Protoc Neurosci. 2020 Dec;94(1):e106. doi: 10.1002/cpns.106. PMID: 33151027; PMCID...detection, and control. Int J Pharm. 2018 Oct 25;550(1-2):251-268. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.08.043. Epub...validated, it’s ready for use! You can learn more about common antibody applications in our Antibodies 101...
  13. Getting to Know Expansion Microscopy

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 20, 2023, 1:15 p.m.
    ...protocols. A typical ExM protocol (Fig. 1) follows this structure: Step 1: fix (and maybe label) your sample...microscopy. Nat Biotechnol 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-022-01546-1  Mikhaylova M, Cloin BMC, ...just adding water.)  Step 5: Image   Figure 1: The ExM process allows you to physically magnify ...16:71–74. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-018-0238-1  Klimas A, Gallagher BR, Wijesekara P, et al (2023...applications and there’s just not much to be done about that.  Second, expansion introduces distortions....
  14. Negative Can Be Positive: Open AAV Data with Addgene

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Sept. 6, 2022, 1:15 p.m.
    ...across scientific disciplines. Scientific Data, 8(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00981-0 Wright...excellent at infecting our target neurons (Figure 1). However, this one set of experiments didn’t provide...yet none of that data was published.    Fig. 1: Testing of three different AAV serotypes (AAV1, 8...purification and formulation. Molecular Therapy, 12(1), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymthe.2005.02.021...Stimulation. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14(December), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.578687 Additional...asked why they don’t share, many express concern about sharing negative data they cannot explain, perhaps...
  15. 500,000 Plasmids Shipped and Counting!

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 26, 2015, 3:24 p.m.
    ...here at Addgene – 500,000 plasmids shipped! That's a 1/2 million plasmids sent to happy scientists around...start out at our Cambridge office – previously at 1 Kendall Square, but newly relocated to 75 Sidney Street...Have a question? Email: [email protected] Call: +1 (617) 225-9000         ...scientists outside of the US now use the repository – about 50% of plasmids are shipped to labs outside of the...distribute their plasmids. The partnerships and collaborations with institutions and tech transfer offices...
  16. PiggyBac-ing Through the Genome Editing Field

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 31, 2016, 3:30 p.m.
    ...Correct Path.,” J. stem cell Regen. Biol., vol. 1, no. 1, Jan. PubMed PMID: 26702451. PubMed Central PMCID...genetic manipulation in mammalian cells until 2005 [1]. Like other transposons, piggyBac™ has two components...The predicted frequency of ‘TTAA’ in the genome is 1 in every 256 base-pairs of DNA sequence, making it...has been demonstrated) with no known upper limit [1]. The piggyBac™ technology can be used for numerous...genetic loci of integration [8].   Figure 1: Mechanism of the piggyBac™  transposase/transposon...technologies and strategies for their projects. References 1. L. E. Woodard and M. H. Wilson, “piggyBac-ing models...transposase itself, please read on to learn more about this exciting technology from the folks at Transposagen...
  17. AAV Packaged on Request is Here!

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Jan. 10, 2025, 1:01 p.m.
    ...volume, and submit your request.    Figure 1: The AAV Packaged on Request banner.   We currently..., AAV8, or AAV Retrograde (AAVrg), and volumes of 1 mL, 2.5 mL, or 5 mL. Please note that all orders will... our on-demand viral service, we expect titers of 1 × 1013 GC/mL for AAV1, AAV5, AAV8, and AAVrg and 7...your browsing and requesting. If you’re curious about the service, read on.  Expanding our viral vector...
  18. Making CRISPR Plasmids Using Fragmid

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 29, 2024, 1:15 p.m.
    ...building it! Table 1 has a list of Fragmid destination vectors currently available. Table 1: Fragmid destination...components on the Fragmid website.   Figure 1: (Top) Schematic overview and timeline of the Golden... CRISPR vector the Fragmid way!    Figure 1: Selecting your vector type on the Fragmid website...components available will depend on your answers in step 1, so you’ll only be able to select components that ...Destination vector (dropdown options depending on above selections) Module set (the set of components you...vectors) Target type (drop down options depending on above selections.) CRISPR enzyme (Cas9 [sp], Cas9 [other...
  19. Sleeping Beauty Awakens for Genome Engineering

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 30, 2015, 2 p.m.
    ...also important for social and regulatory reasons. 1.) The transposon consists of a mirrored set of inverted...vertebrates. The system is comprised of 2 components: 1) an SB transposase, the enzyme required for catalysis...likely to grow in the coming decades.  References 1. Kowarz E, et al. Optimized Sleeping Beauty transposons...T cells to target CD19. Immunol Rev. 2014 Jan;257(1):181-90. doi: 10.1111/imr.12137. PubMed. Find the ...of DNA that can move around in a genome. In a laboratory setting, transposons can be used to both introduce...
  20. Viral Vectors 101: Virus Safety

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 22, 2023, 1:15 p.m.
    ...including yourself as the researcher.   Figure 1: Separation of retroviral packaging components onto...these reasons, AAV is usually classified as a BSL-1 safety level. Adenovirus is similar to AAV in that...lab coats are either recommended or required in BSL-1 and required in BSL-2 labs. When working with lentivirus...required whenever there’s a splash or spray risk in BSL-1. In BSL-2 labs, eye protection is required any time...isopropyl alcohol, 0.5% peracetic acid, 10% bleach, or 1% iodine are useful. Some organizations or cities may...completely inert, but others can cause diseases. Nervous about handling viruses? That’s okay! In this article we...
Showing: 61 - 80 of 584 results