We narrowed to 842 results for: Eras

... developed, though, researchers at HuidaGene Therapeutics guessed that fusing MPG to an ABE would allow...transversion editor AYBEv3. This tool still retained considerable A → G editing activity at most sites, in addition...they co-expressed Polη, a translesion synthesis polymerase known to preferentially incorporate A bases across... N108Q mutation in the deaminase), produced an average A → C product purity of 48%. Like CGBEs, these ...abasic site before filling the empty space. Over several rounds of rational mutagenesis, the team progressed...allow it to recognize thymine (T) or cytosine (C). Several different teams succeeded with this approach around...recognize T and/or C substrates. The HuidaGene Therapeutics team has deposited their editors, called gTBE...

...preps and our lentiviral preps.   Viruses are generated using standard methods that have been optimized...optimized for each specific virus in order to generate high quality preparations. After production, all virus...the University of Pennsylvania Vector Core. In general, titering is performed by the facility that produced...suggests that titers obtained using ddPCR are generally two to three fold higher than those achieved using... us. Full sequencing of the Viral Genome Next-generation sequencing is performed on viral genomes isolated...items) are produced in 293T cells using the 2nd generation psPAX2 and pMD2.G packaging system developed ...lentiviral preparations (“-LVC” catalog items) are generated from lentiviral preparations (described above)...

...pEcCas/pEcgRNA is superior in several ways: The pEcCas plasmid can be operated at 37 ℃ for faster growth ...plasmid that expresses the S. pyogenes Cas9, a temperature-sensitive replicon for self-curing, an arabinose..., 2) changed the replicon of pCas into a non-temperature-sensitive replicon, and 3) added the sacB gene...containing BsaI restriction enzyme sites at its ends to generate pEcgRNA. The ccdB serves as a counterselection...genes of interest in BL21(DE3) using the newly generated pEcCas/pEcgRNA system.   Advantages of the pEcCas...directly ligated with the annealed 24 nt oligos to generate new pEcgRNA. pEcCas/pEcgRNA can be applied not... the gene dosage of glucose dehydrogenase and generated a strain that could achieve glucose dehydrogenase...

...processes from development to metabolism to fertility. Several zebrafish-specific gene expression databases that...available, new hypotheses about specific genetic interactions arise and tools to deactivate specific genes...way to deactivate genes without spending months generating mutants. Unexpectedly, phenotypes sometimes differ...of gene regulation (El-Brolosy et al., 2019). Generating zebrafish transgenics Creating transgenic organisms...different experimental conditions. Strategies for generating transgenic zebrafish are well established (Felker...cell RNA sequencing approaches (Harland, 2018). Several different methods have been developed, relying ...i.e., redundant) genome, their long three-month generation time and labor-intensive maintenance compared...

...more stable than the methyltransferase. When a plasmid is lost, the methyltransferase is degraded and/or...stabilized luciferase-expressing plasmids to examine in vivo-induced promoters in the Vibrio cholerae vaccine...ensure that plasmids are passed down through generations (Figure 1). These so called “plasmid addiction...composed of restriction endonucleases and methyltransferases. Restriction endonucleases cleave DNA at ...specific nucleotide sequences. To counter this, methyltransferases add methyl groups to bases at specific nucleotide...stably express antigens in sufficient quantities to generate an immune response. As a proof of concept, they...genes that couple host cell division to plasmid proliferation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences...

...fall back to? We have outlined some important considerations to help you choose the plasmid prep kit that...kit to use?  Obtaining higher quantities of DNA generally means starting with higher volumes of bacterial...reduce your ultimate plasmid yield.  Take your average column-based miniprep kit for example. These kits...buffers reduces plastic waste from bottles and the overall weight of the package during shipping. Of the kits...optimized based on the plasmid size, cell model, or overall throughput needed. Large constructs – Large plasmids...medium-throughput applications. For high-throughput options, several manufacturers offer automation-friendly kits and...here!) Rapid Isolation – If you’re in a hurry, several manufacturers also offer kits with speedy protocols...

... replicates how you’d interact with team members in person, and improves overall communication.  Maintain...project and accelerates the pace at which problems can be addressed and new ideas generated. Furthermore...team in Paris, France. While efforts like these accelerate the progress of research, they can also present...different tasks. But these challenges can be exaggerated when communicating across time zones, digitally...the times that work best for them. This also accelerates the pace of research by circumventing the slower...exchange project at the International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference in Frankfurt, Germany When funding...

...Virus Genome Interactions Important for Vector Production and Transduction. Human Gene Therapy 31:499–511...and Rep40) Rep proteins. Alternative splicing generates the different C-terminal regions of the Rep proteins...transfer plasmid, which contain regions of dsDNA. To generate a 3’ hydroxyl group needed for DNA replication...in the ITRs, uses its endonuclease activity to generates a ssDNA substrate which is then nicked by its ...splicing and differing translational start sites generate the three VP proteins. The three VP proteins assemble...Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) as a Vector for Gene Therapy. BioDrugs 31:317–334 . https://doi.org/10.1007/...Improving the Efficacy of AAV Vectors. Molecular Therapy - Methods & Clinical Development 12:248–265 . https...

...genome engineering - such as certain forms of gene therapy - avoiding the use of viruses is also important...lab screened many SB tranposase variants for hyperactivity in mammalian cells. Their efforts resulted in...approximately 100-fold more efficient than the first-generation transposase (as determined by transposition assays...construct. This new tool kit allows the rapid generation of stable transgenic cell lines which can robustly... CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy. SB is a valuable tool and an alternative to CRISPRs... Optimized Sleeping Beauty transposons rapidly generate stable transgenic cell lines. Biotechnol J. 2015...Mates L, et al. Molecular evolution of a novel hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposase enables robust stable...

...guide RNAs may tolerate a mismatch in the binding sequence, we recommend changing several bases as close... to as ‘indels’. While this is convenient for generating gene knockouts, NHEJ repair does not allow introduction...introduction of specific sequence changes. To generate a specific sequence change the cell must undergo...other groups have focused on strategies to improve overall HDR rates, we have shown recently that desired ...desired genome-editing events by HDR can be generated more efficiently by (1) improving editing accuracy by ...systematically characterize this phenomenon and found a general relationship between the distance of a mutation...probabilities our data revealed, and found that for generating a homozygous HDR event with optimal efficiency...

...through the proliferation of specific, and not all, Langerhans cells, to create foci of proliferating cells....Brainbow The Lichtman group developed the original iteration of this technology in 2007. Used to label neurons... is expressed. Cre-mediated deletion of one or several of these genes permits the expression of genes ...occurs. Following the development of Brainbow 1.0, several more refined versions have been developed, which...tracing in zebrafish with Zebrabow Before the generation of Zebrabow (Pan et al., 2011), Brainbow was ...Tissue-specific Cre recombination in this mouse generates cells that randomly express either nuclear GFP...become a powerful tool for understanding cell proliferation. Inducible XFP expression in the Ubow mouse ...

...edited. For many experiments, the end goal is to generate a clonal cell line, so it’s important to verify... for a needle in a haystack before going on to generate and screen individual clones. If a clonal line...al., NAR). This technique uses the trace file generated in Sanger sequencing and a simple algorithm to...with your sgRNA sequence. The TIDE software will generate a graph representing all insertions and deletions... 4 clones. Did you use a dual guide system to generate your knockout? Then you’re in luck! You don’t ... to visualize an edit. Most dual guide systems generate a deletion large enough that it can be visualized...pair edit with a prime editor. What next? When generating a knock-in mutation, the best screening method...

...which chews back the 5’ ends of the fragment, generating long overhangs which allows the single stranded...stranded regions with homology to anneal a polymerase, to fill in the gaps a DNA ligase, to seal the nicks...enzymes is that they can all work at the same temperature, so the entire reaction takes an hour or less...advantage is that this process makes it easy to generate wild type and mutant constructs at the same time...an overlap of 15-40 bp, with a primer melting temperature greater than 48℃. Both Snapgene and NEB have ...instead of using the exonuclease feature of T4 DNA polymerase, which must be controlled by the presence or ...methods that have been described--CPEC (circular polymerase extension cloning) and SLiCE (Seamless Ligation...

...Over the past several months, we’ve seen the emergence of several SARS-CoV-2 variants coincide with increased...the world” says Balazs. “By combining those with [sera] we got from people that have been given the vaccine...relative ability to neutralize.”   Figure 2: Sera used in the study came from individuals who received... two doses of the Pfizer or Modern vaccine. This sera was used in the high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus.... In their assay, the pseudoviruses express a luciferase reporter which is used as a readout for infection...Figure 3: Neutralization outcomes of convalescent sera with various pseudotyped virus. Image from Garcia-Beltran...quick to deposit their plasmids at Addgene to accelerate ongoing COVID-19 research. “I hope that by sharing...

...we believe it is best to further reduce onsite operations for the coming week. In an abundance of caution...Addgene charges enough for our services to run our operations. We don’t raise money except occasionally for...to launch a new service or product. Our daily operations for all ongoing processes are entirely self-supporting...they grasped the crucial role Addgene plays in accelerating research. Yet this was still not enough to ensure...funding organizations to request support for our operations until our normal work resumed. Addgene distributes...type of biomedical science research. Our work accelerates and enhances productive collaborations as well...distribution of plasmids for COVID-19 research is accelerating essential research in laboratories all around...

...important consideration is whether the affinity of an experimental protein-ligand interaction approaches...non-specific binding). Historically, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins have been immobilized on... target protein with the vitamin biotin. The interaction between biotin and the egg-white protein avidin...affinity (i.e. sub-nanomolar) protein-ligand interactions. Avidin and its derivatives have four biotin-binding...involves amine-reactive biotin derivatives that generate covalent bonds with positively-charged amino acids...solution was to exploit the best of both worlds. We generated a plasmid that produces biotin ligase and a protein...erythropoietin receptor and subsequently evaluated interactions with mutant and wild-type erythropoietin molecules...

...The contents of this post are intended to convey general information only and not to provide legal advice...you think about your career (and your future in general), keep in mind that you may have years to work ...for recent Ph.D. graduates). Therefore, it is imperative to plan for and develop your career into a series...Order which sets broad policy intentions directing federal agencies to propose reforms to the H-1B visa system...collaboration management, grant administration, clinical operations, and so on. Candidates should look broadly at...and your continued work is necessary to create therapeutics to cure the cancer. Authorship:  Publishing ...Interest of the EB-1A. Furthermore, the ability to leverage the prestige of the employer makes EB-1Bs a very...

... to have its genome fully sequenced There are several human disease models established in yeast, including... new at all, but it’s not as well-known in the general research community. Phillips Petroleum Company...release the K. phaffii expression system to the general research community in the 1990s when they abandoned...short, K. phaffii is a non-pathogenic yeast that operates as an obligate aerobe. It’s also a methylotropic...Thus, the production of glycoproteins for human therapies, such as antibodies, is possible in K. phaffii...peroxisome studies since their peroxisomes will proliferate upon a media change into methanol and peroxisomal...peroxisomal studies on biogenesis, degradation, and proliferation. Genome manipulation K. phaffii’s genome has...

...scientific community. Recently, the Zhang lab generated a TF library (aka the MORF Collection) and an ...isoforms transcribed from these sites. The Zhang lab generated a comprehensive library of each unique TF open... representing 92% of the MORF library, with an average of 206 cells per TF ORF. From this large sequencing...map of possible TF-induced cellular states was generated (Joung et al., 2023). Fig. 1: Barcoded ...then compared to that of reference cell types generated by the human fetal expression atlas. Computational... Good disease models can often be difficult to generate, in part because of difficulty with replicating...and a program that any researcher could use to generate the relevant disease model. Accurate modeling ...

... is the Arabidopsis thaliana - Pantoea agglomerans interaction. But the shape and metabolism of leaves...anticoagulant drug warfarin. In past research, several VKOR variants have been found that affect the body...postdoctoral work in Lin Tian’s lab at UC Davis is to generate a genetically encoded fluorescent sensor for serotonin...but these drugs are often ineffective or require several rounds of dose and drug adjustments. Unger ultimately...to study plant-bacteria and bacteria-bacteria interactions  Michal Bernach is a graduate student in Mitja...University of Canterbury where he studies how bacteria interact with each other and plant surfaces. His system...leaves can be changed by light and temperature and leaf autofluorescence can interfere with microscopy. Thus...

...Cas9 in an attempt to create gene-edited babies. Several hours later, the scientist, Jiankiu He, confirmed...such edited babies were born in a twin live birth several weeks previously. While this claim has yet to be...public consensus on genome editing, there was a generally agreed-upon international moratorium on utilizing...with healthy mitochondria, with the intent to eradicate mitochondrial diseases. The key success of the...issues raised around mitochondrial replacement therapies. In other words, rather than having a meeting...bedside is, in addition to thorough ethical considerations, in making sure that the research has been ...simulations, in vitro research, animal models, and several stages of human clinical trials. This model also...

...corresponding sequencing quality. Generally, you want to have 100x-1000x coverage of your library: in other words...transformation and amplification protocol, but the overall workflow is similar for most libraries. Here are...of the final recovered DNA. This bias can be counteracted by growing the cells on solid plates, where ... extraction. Prepare library product for next-generation sequencing Once the DNA has been extracted, the...of the library should be confirmed using next-generation sequencing (NGS). For gRNA libraries, you’ll ...using both pre- and post-amplification DNA and generates PCR sequencing products from both. These products...post has helped clarify some of the important considerations when using, amplifying, and verifying pooled...

...requested from Addgene psPAX2  - psPAX2 is a 2nd generation lentiviral packaging plasmid from the Didier ...and tet genes. It can be used with 2nd or 3rd generation lentiviral vectors and an envelope expressing...BB)-2A-GFP (PX458). lentiCRISPR v2 - This 3rd generation lentiviral transfer vector also from the Zhang...founding. Find pCMV-VSV-G. pRSV-Rev - This 3rd generation lentiviral packaging plasmid from the Trono lab...lab. Find pRSV-Rev. pMDLg/pRRE - This is a 3rd generation lentiviral packaging plasmid from the Trono lab...This plasmid from David Sabatini’s lab is a 3rd generation lentiviral vector that contains a scrambled shRNA... This vector from the David Root lab is a 3rd generation lentiviral transfer plasmid for cloning and expressing...

...enhanced site accessibility In order to generate a genomic alteration at a specific location, it must be accessible...appropriate for your specific research question. Considerations when choosing your Cas nuclease When choosing... off-target cleavage should be an important consideration during any experiment. Sensitivity Cas9 sensitivity...Comic by Maya Kostman. Another important consideration when choosing a Cas9 is balancing specificity...Jennifer Doudna Labs used targeted mutagenesis to generate hyper accurate Cas9 (HypaCas9). This nuclease ...the Jungjoon Lee Lab used directed evolution to generate Sniper-Cas9 resulting in a Cas9 with improved ...accessibility, specificity, and sensitivity are key considerations in choosing a Cas protein for your experiment...

...contributed by Jennifer Tsang AAVs are a great gene therapy delivery mechanism, but their small packaging capacity...splitting removes any exogenous sequences and regenerates a native peptide bond at the split site. ...tested the base editors in vivo and achieved therapeutically relevant editing efficiencies in the mouse ...comparable to those currently used in human gene therapy trials. They further tested the base editors by...Niemann-Pick disease type C, directly demonstrating the therapeutic potential for the split base editors. Find the...conversion of CO2 into water and electrical energy generation. Alistair McCormick’s lab recently developed ... Using parts from this kit, the McCormick lab generated knock-out and knock-in mutants, determined protein...

...validated? This post will go over some of the general considerations you should review before using an antibody...important to know what you are aiming to achieve. In general, these are three core goals of antibody validation...different applications. Here, I want to highlight the general suggestions given by the International Working ...these pillars is that they are intentionally generalizable and not specific to certain applications or ...analysis of transcriptomic or proteomic data from several different tissues or cell types. If your antibody...the brain, but almost none in the liver (A). In general, RNA levels tend to correspond to protein levels...s important to understand if protein:protein interactions could be a factor in your analysis. Example:...

...enter postdoctoral training. Similarly, there are several factors to consider when selecting a postdoc mentor...system more, you will have a better idea of how to leverage it to ask new and interesting questions in your...confidence in the reagents and outcomes. This is preferable to finding out you've been doing something all...exploration, discovering new information. There are literally infinite questions one could pursue and experiments...the data and any recent relevant studies in the literature. Plus, presentations benefit from practice. If...better slides that more effectively tell a story? Generally, the answer to the second question is yes. As ...and how your research fits in with the current literature. Finally, if you give your talk or poster to ...

...assumption into question. Specifically, CRISPR-generated mutants believed to be knockouts can maintain ...Morgens et al., 2016). Only upon combining the data generated from both methods did a more comprehensive gene...Consequently, I will focus on different approaches and considerations present at the first stage of an RNAi-based... of the RNAi trigger requires a few initial considerations, such as the starting material (DNA-based vector...prevalent method due to ease of use and capacity to generate a long-term RNAi phenotype. Long hairpin RNA The...Importantly, instead of the assortment of siRNAs generated from a long hpRNA trigger, only a single ~21-nt...amiRNA). Although downstream work is required, several vectors can be found at Addgene that could serve...

...establishment of two cell lines from the insectspodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera; noctuidae). In Vitro, 13(4), ...packaging plasmids (three packaging plasmids for 3rd generation lentivirus production). The packaging plasmids...Insect cells are a less common option for the generation of viruses, though they are a popular choice ...from the pupa ovarian tissue of fall armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda). Much like HEK-293T cells, they are...much larger packaging capacity — up to 38 kb! Generally, insect cell production methods produce lower ...versus insect cells for viral production Consideration Mammalian cells Insect cells Viruses AAV and...adeno-associated virus type 2 vectors. Human Gene Therapy, 13(16), 1935–43. https://doi.org/10.1089/10430340260355347...

...signal you can generate without disturbing the integrity of the membrane, a concern with several of the previously...we will review how these indicators work, their general applications, and why viruses are essential to ...time from signal input to readable output, which generally exceeds that of the VSD GEVIs. However, since ... to the plasma membrane due to the addition of several targeting domains. The quencher and voltage detector...previously described systems. Several adaptations of this method have been to tag, cage, uncage, and trap...your experimental system.   Figure 2: General overview of chemigenetic tools. A genetically encoded...can be used for chemigenetics, biosensors, and generally as biological tools, our blog has you covered....