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TypeBlog Post...expression, and viability. Gates are the parameters the machine uses to differentiate between variations in those...tumor cells, immune cells, blood cells and more), each coming with a different size and structural complexity...A) A flow plot showing two stains in relation to each other. Using a quadrant gate, I can divide my cell...cell population into DN, DP and SP (for each stain respectively). (B) Instead of a quadrant gate, I am...occur when a cell is pulsed by the laser. Within each type of scattering, you also discovered that there...
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Tips for Getting a Faculty Position
TypeBlog Post... will overcome certain obstacles, alternative approaches, potential collaborations, critiques of your ...and all of the caveats and alternatives for an approach, if asked. The key to a chalk talk is to effectively... the knowledge gap in the field? How will your approach resolve this problem? (2-3 sentences) What.... Identify the key points you want to convey for each section or aim. Make sure those get priority. The... fluorescent proteins, and live cell imaging approaches. Erik is also an avid long distance runner, gardener... -
Suggest A Plasmid You'd Like to Find at Addgene
TypeBlog Post...happening everyday, it’s not possible for us to reach everyone. Therefore, to make our library more useful...the repository? Let us know! You can notify us to reach out to potential depositors in two ways: 1. Fill...include any additional details that will help us reach out to the corresponding potential depositors. ...plasmid. While we cannot guarantee that everyone we reach out to will end up depositing, we hope this campaign... -
Water Bath Protocol
TypeProtocol...can also be placed in walk-in refrigerators to achieve a temperature between 4°C and room temperature....water bath in the lab. Equipment Water Bath 10% bleach or 70% ethanol Distilled water Disinfectant Thermometer...filling the water bath with water. You may use a 10% bleach solution or a 70% ethanol solution to wipe down...temperature. Set up your water bath so that it will reach the desired temperature by the time you need it ... -
CRISPR 101: Epigenetics and Editing the Epigenome
TypeBlog Post...histone modification at specified loci. Charles Gersbach’s lab has deposited mammalian expression constructs...Both of these methods also recruit epigenetic machinery - but is there an advantage to using direct epigenetic...Vockley CM, Thakore PI, Crawford GE, Reddy TE, Gersbach CA (2015) Epigenome editing by a CRISPR-Cas9-based...Safi A, Song L, Hilton IB, Crawford GE, Reddy TE, Gersbach CA (2017) CRISPR–Cas9 epigenome editing enables...Ruan K, Wang F, Xu G, Hu R (2016) A CRISPR-based approach for targeted DNA demethylation. Cell Discovery... -
Editor's Choice, July 2016
TypeBlog Post...our bloggers each and every month, we've decided to start an "Editor's Choice" series. Each month, I'll...was a fantastic month for the Addgene blog. We achieved roughly 50,000 views over the entire blog and ... Expression in Mammals Recombinase-based State Machines Enable Order-dependent Logic in vivo As always... -
Lambda Red: A Homologous Recombination-based Technique for Genetic Engineering
TypeBlog Post... used in limited circumstances. An alternative approach is to flank the desired change with 4-5 silent...from mini-λ or 4) from the lambda red phage itself (each of these will be discussed in more detail below)...can be modified with any of the below described approaches. Bacterial strain with integrated defective...requires drug selection. One drawback to this approach is that it requires the generation of bacteriophage...modification into a different background, if needed. This approach is best suited for modifying plasmids or BACs ... -
Sequencing Options for CRISPR Genotyping
TypeBlog Post... on genome sequencing. Used in concert, these approaches can provide the researcher with a reasonable ...(Fu et al. 2013; Pattanayak et al. 2013). This approach misses larger mismatches (e.g. six nucleotides... may be to integrate both biased and unbiased approaches. As suggested in a review by Tycko et al., 2016...a highly accurate manner. Using both of these approaches may not be necessary for every CRISPR experiment...Mark J., et al. "Evaluation of TCR gene editing achieved by TALENs, CRISPR/Cas9, and megaTAL nucleases.... -
When Fidelity Matters: A frank discussion about ligase fidelity
TypeBlog Post...related LCR technique uses two sets of probes to achieve exponential amplification. What does fidelity mean...substrates. Thus, high fidelity ligation can be achieved through a combination of the intrinsic selectivity...four upstream probes and four down-stream probes, each differing only in the base at the ligation junction...represented. Sixteen separate pools were prepared, each with a different complement strand covering all ...the template. The probes were designed such that each possible pairing resulted in a product of a different... -
The Addgene Antibody Data Hub
TypeBlog Post...found yourself staring at a browser full of tabs, each open to a different antibody option. Or you may ... options in the Antibody Data Hub. Data reports Each antibody submission is used to create a data report...Curating the data reports Just like our AAV Data Hub, each data submission we receive is checked by Addgene's... Rachel Leeson... -
Plasmid Preps: Different Purity, Different Quantities, Different Uses
TypeBlog Post...a plasmid or viral origin. The type of cloning approach you choose ultimately will influence the quantity... for the extraction. Restriction enzyme based approaches can require several hundreds of nanograms or ...assembly or Golden gate assembly use a more direct approach, allowing scientists to clone from a smaller amount...will likely require micrograms of plasmid DNA for each reaction. As a consequence, the preparations for... -
Fluorescent Proteins 101: Photoactivatable Fluorescent Proteins
TypeBlog Post...light used to activate the first PA-FP does not photobleach the second, and vice versa. Finally, as every...contrast, PA-FPs offer a reduced potential for photobleaching and phototoxicity that standard FPs might induce... PA-FPs is photoactivated, imaged, and then photobleached. Additional PA-FP molecules are then activated...still do not emit the large number of photons achievable with photoswitchable dyes. Correlative light ...297.5588 (2002): 1873-1877. PubMed PMID:12228718. 2.Subach, Fedor V., et al. "Photoactivatable mCherry for... -
With an Eye Towards the Future, We Look Back at the March for Science
TypeBlog Post...facts. Because, similar to scientists, the legacy of each government and generation is in the veracity of ...the lab, she dabbles in science policy, public outreach, and restorative justice. Follow her on twitter...where these issues hit hardest. According to the Guttmacher Institute, most women of reproductive age live...galilei-dialogues-concerning-two-new-sciences). This is the approach policy makers take in abusing climate science ...tirelessly to get the publications, grant funding, and teaching experience that it takes to complete your resume... -
Modulate the Activity of 17 Signaling Pathways with One Kit!
TypeBlog Post...consensus lentiviral expression vector and attached a DNA barcode to each to make the library usable for pooled...proliferation, survival, differentiation, and apoptosis. For each of these 17 pathways, they identified a set of one...researchers didn’t have to discover new ways to activate each of these pathways. Rather, they relied on published... -
IBEX Knowledge-Base: A Data Resource for Multiplex Tissue Imaging
TypeBlog Post...method that uses iterative staining and chemical bleaching to allow for high-resolution imaging without degrading...IBEX: An iterative immunolabeling and chemical bleaching method for high-content imaging of diverse tissues...). IBEX: A versatile multiplex optical imaging approach for deep phenotyping and spatial analysis of cells... Rachel Leeson... -
A Needle in a Base-Stack: Cas9 Structural Biology
TypeBlog Post...2014). Table 1. Summary of Cas9 domains, the lobe each domain belongs to, and their roles. Lobe Domain...crRNA:tracrRNA duplex — Cas9’s two lobes move toward each other into the “closed” conformation shown in Figure...test DNA bases that are already snugly paired to each other? At this point, the protein can switch between...guide RNA (Cofsky et al., 2022; Osuka et al., 2018). Each matching DNA:RNA pair gives just enough stability...own advantages—and blind spots—to these questions. Each new structural insight also spurs the next generation... -
Walking beside Academia and giving it a high five: My transition from graduate work to a position at Addgene
TypeBlog Post...University and entered a new role here at Addgene as an Outreach Scientist. I used to spend my days (and often ...This is particularly true in my position as an Outreach Scientist where I spend a large amount of my time...communicator that got me here! Thus far being an Outreach Scientist at Addgene has been awesome. The process...researchers gain doing PhDs (i.e. technical writing, teaching, presenting, analytical thinking, time management... -
An Addgene Summer Internship
TypeBlog Post..., I reached out to Amy with exciting news. I managed to secure a virtual summer program, teaching me the.... A capstone project is a major project given to each intern to complete and present on. Figure...report shared my work by breaking down the process of each day, my background, observations, etc. On my final... -
Hot Plasmids and Viral Preps - July 2021
TypeBlog Post...users have recently begun to develop CRISPR-based approaches for studying gene function in these systems. ...use in a fetal-lung derived organoid system, the approach is intended to be amenable to organoids derived...tissue-types. By bringing together CRISPR-based approaches and organoid models, toolkits like this one provide...trigger seed germination of parasitic plants, this approach was also used to build and validate a ratiometric... -
Lentivirus Production
TypeProtocol...be empirically determined for each new batch of 1 mg/mL PEI and for each cell line. Considerations Before...magnesium, Corning 21-040-CV (cations can affect the attachment of adherent cells) 0.45 μm polyethersulfone filter...concentrations and ratios should be optimized for each transfer plasmid. Pro-Tip Endotoxins can inhibit...