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...typically do not have the ability to propagate in the same way that wild-type viruses do. For general virus...

...microscope, or detect when the protein is present in a sample — just to name a few. Traditional sources of antibodies...

...allowed to use for distribution. Please see the Sample Agreements on our Technology Transfer Information...

...where the donor and acceptor are both fused to the same protein (also referred to as intramolecular or unimolecular...

...Szeligowski, R. V., Rogulina, S., Gerstein, M., Sampson, J. R., Isaacs, F. J., & Rinehart, J. (2018). Encoding...

... Mammalian pLX304 - 3rd gen lentiviral vector lentiSAMv2 - Lentiviral sgRNA cloning backbone pLKO.1-blast...

...targeting multiple loci can be easily expressed in the same cell or organism. The ability to precisely target...

... CEK, FGFBR, FLG, FLJ99988, FLT2, HBGFR, KAL2, N-SAM, OGD FGFR2 fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 BEK...BFR-1, CD332, CEK3, CFD1, ECT1, FLJ98662, JWS, K-SAM, KGFR, TK14, TK25 FGFR3 fibroblast growth factor ...CD118, FLJ98106, FLJ99923, LIF-R, SJS2, STWS, SWS LRSAM1 leucine rich repeat and sterile alpha motif containing...

...twelve genes using small-molecule inducers in the same E. coli strain. Addgene Blog Inducible Promoters...

... transduced cells express both components in the same relative ratio. Different generations of transactivators...

...can assess whether your protein is targeted to the same structure. General Structures Eukaryotic cells contain...

...microscope to use for a new sample I always start by asking two questions: 1) Is the sample dynamic or static? ...? 2) Is the sample thin (< 15 μm) or thick? These questions will place each sample into one of four categories...capture in these types of samples is their fast movements. Depending on the sample, a temporal resolution... fluorophores higher in the sample. TIRF is also very gentle on the sample as the majority of the laser...static samples Ex: Fixed tissue sections (> 15 um), 3D cultures, and cleared tissues These samples always...onto a camera for visualization. Illuminating a sample in the opposite direction to fluorescence collection...plane within a relatively thicker three dimensional sample (see Figure 1); similar to an MRI or CT scanner...

... replicates are repeated measurements of the same sample and are included to assess variability in the... the tau western blot several times with the same samples and compare the results across runs. If the ... wild-type and knockout samples. In this test, wild-type and knockout samples are treated with the identical...present in the wild-type samples and absent in the knockout.  If knockout samples are unavailable, try substituting...interactions between the sample and the secondary antibody. C, a label control treats the sample to the full protocol...interpretation of results. A positive control is generally a sample or group that will have a desired response. For... tau hyperphosphorylation. You could run brain samples from both groups on a western blot and look for...

... easy to measure sample concentration and purity using only a tiny bit of the sample itself — so easy ...instrument can calculate a sample’s nucleic acid concentration based on the sample’s absorption at 260 nm (...spectra of a mixed sample.  But, other molecules that may be present in the sample also absorb light...levels exceed 70% of the sample content (Loughrey and Matlock, 2016). So, even samples with “good” A260/280...nm, you may have phenol in your sample.  RNA contaminants DNA samples can also be contaminated with RNA...especially problematic in low-concentration samples (samples with concentrations < 10 ng/μL), where absorbance... how much plasmid DNA you have or how pure your sample really is?  To assess the concentration and purity...

...molecule in an unknown sample. To do this, you serially dilute a control sample of known concentration...standard, standard dilutions, and unknown sample(s) in the same buffer if possible, or very similar buffers...their bicinchoninic acid assay (BCA) to normalize samples before running a western blot. Standard curves ... to extrapolate the concentration of an unknown sample. For example, a BCA assay uses a serial dilution...control protein, incubated alongside an unknown sample with the BCA reagent. The absorbance of both is...you to determine the concentration of the unknown sample.  How do I make the standards for a standard curve...standard curve by serially diluting a known control sample, called a standard. The ideal standard curve has...

... the sample to that of a standard curve to extrapolate the concentration of antigen in the sample. A variety...use the same secondary antibody for any ELISA protocol that uses primary antibodies of the same isotype...-containing sample with their conjugated primary antibody. Users next incubate the sample with the multiwell...used to quantify the level of target antigen in a sample. While Engvall et al. originally developed the ... proteins and small molecules from a variety of sample types (Engvall 1971). Scientists value ELISAs for...using the method. ELISA basics All ELISAs follow the same overall process. First users coat a multiwell plate...capture antibody that binds to the antigen in a sample and then a second detection antibody binds. The...

...presence of several biomarkers together in the same tissue sample predicts a certain cancer and want to look...you will need to start with a fixed sample. Depending on the sample type, this might be frozen or formalin-fixed...al, 2022 for a sample protocol.)  Simultaneous IF Depending on your needs, your sample, and targets, you...known to be abundant in your samples (with a primary antibody that has the same species and isotype as the...set of samples where you label only one target in each. Compare these individually-labeled samples with ...referred to as immunocytochemistry (ICC) when the sample is cultured cells or immunohistochemistry (IHC)...where an antibody binds a target protein in your sample, then a fluorescently labeled secondary antibody...

...carrying sample-specific barcodes. Rather than continuing to process 100s to 1000s of samples individually...projects in many labs. However, the high costs of sample preparation for high-throughput next generation...technology overview For any NGS experiment, the DNA sample being sequenced must be sheared into smaller fragments...workflows are limited by costly library prep, as each sample requires an individual library. The plexWell™ workflow...library prep”, in which a relatively large number of samples are subjected to a DNA-barcoding step that uniquely...labels DNA from each well of a 96-well plate. Then, samples from several plates are pooled together to create...procedure, the quantities of library molecules for each sample remain highly normalized across a wide range of...

...multiple proteins relate to one another in the same sample. For this strategy to work, it is important to...you use will depend on the target and sample type. Sample Preparation This step can involve multiple...target and sample type. Primary Antibody This is the first antibody applied to your sample, which will...of cells found in my tissue.” It is based on the same principles as other antibody-based assays, like ...fluorescent molecules are applied to a cell or tissue sample where they bind to their targets, most commonly...antibodies to visualize a target within an intact sample, a cell in the case of ICC or a tissue in the case...antibodies made in different species on a single sample, you can then use the corresponding secondary antibodies...

...It will be from the same host species, have the same Ig subclass, and be in the same fluorophore (e.g.,...controls An isotype sample is prepared very similarly to a FMO sample: you make a sample from a combined ...your samples. The single color controls should be used as a starting point, to preserve your sample, and...experiment. To make an FMO sample, you take a subset of your experimental samples, combine it into one well...controls will help you save on sample volume, so you can use most of your samples for flow analysis rather ...various controls to help you set up and analyze your samples. While you are probably familiar with the basics...controls (Figure 1A), instead of using your actual samples. They may also be used as a starting point for ...