We narrowed to 575 results for: CIT

...fluorophore primarily depends on the excitation power and the excitation wavelength. A fluorophore is less...bleach when it is excited off the peak wavelength, since it will absorb the excitation light less efficiently...decreasing the power of the excitation light reduces the number of excitation/emission cycles per unit of...acquired at low excitation powers. Note, however, that, at a 14-fold higher excitation power, the photostability...lightbulb or exchanging excitation filters). This avoids substantial changes in excitation power and will help...fluorescent proteins for live cell imaging can be excited many times, thereby producing a large number of...story. The photobleaching rate does not depend on excitation power in a linear fashion. This implies that ...

... and thereby provide molecular or structural specificity to the viewer. Finally, modern microscope designs...detector or restricting fluorescence to specific excitation volumes to enhance spatial contrast (i.e. optical...microscopy. Collimated (non-converging or diverging) excitation light exits the microscope objective evenly illuminating... CT scanner. This is accomplished by focusing excitation light to a point in the sample and raster scanning...containing a number of holes rotates through the excitation light path. Each hole corresponds to a different...First, widefield and confocal microscopy project excitation light through the entire axial volume of a sample...signal intensity. 2-Photon microscopes restrict excitation (and bleaching) to a single focal point. This...

... to an excited state through the absorption of photons. After a brief elevation in this excited state,...objectives. Most systems can only excite and read a set number of excitation and emission wavelengths, as ... or the difference in wavelength between peak excitation spectrum and emission spectrum. Fluorescent dyes...traditional fluorescent protein tags, such as high specificity, increased versatility in probe attachment, and...chemical structure, leading to differences in their excitation and emission wavelengths, which are pivotal in...dye is fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), with excitation and emission peaks at 495 and 517 nm. FITC binds...this include coupling to an antibody, whereby excitation of blue light will indicate where FITC is bound...

... they elicit an immune response from the body. Several factors contribute to the immunogenicity of a drug...relative immunogenicity score (Mattei et.al., 2022).    Figure 1: Generation of immunogenicity scores...prediction of drug immunogenicity  The goal of in vitro prediction of immunogenicity is to validate the...dose (Lu et.al., 2020).  Evaluating a drug’s immunogenicity in-vitro helps researchers understand a drug...However, in silico and in vitro assessment of immunogenicity can help evaluate risk of an antibody.  In...drug epitopes likely to be presented by T cells to elicit an immune response. T cell epitopes are found in...commercially available algorithm to evaluate the immunogenicity of therapeutics in silico. These algorithms...

...autofluorescence, and, in the case of exciting cyan-excitable donors, phototoxicity. Another challenge to using ...using the same wavelength for excitation. The result was the cyan-excitable orange fluorescent protein, ...FPs) can be problematic because excitation light can cause phototoxicity, autofluorescence, and perturb...FRET donor excitation wavelengths overlap with optogenetic initiation wavelengths, excitation of the optogenetic...the following characteristics: No photoexcitation High Ion specificity High sensitivity Easy expression...their use is limited in vivo because they must be excited by external light sources. These external sources...with a red-shifted fluor. Here, NLuc internally excites the fluor through a process known as bioluminescent...

...average number of citations per year and the number of other manuscripts that heavily cite the paper are ...number of citations highly influenced by this paper. Influence is measured by the number of citations and the... the context of these citations. The number of manuscripts that cite the background, methods, or results...author, total number of citations, and the number of publications that heavily cite, or are highly influenced...other authors who they cite the most), and who the author influences (who cites the author the most). ...is essentially a virtual bookshelf. Pro tip The “cited by” and references sections of a PubMed entry are...studying and gives you a sense of what people are excited about. Following scientists in fields outside your...

...the toxicity of guides that have 1-bp mismatch off-target sites, short guides had reduced toxicity compared...affected by low on-target efficacy, non-specific toxicity, and off-target effects. The flaws of RNAi screens... was validated via a growth screen and a ricin toxicity screen since essential and non-essential genes...identified  60% of the essential genes. The ricin toxicity screen had a 10% false discovery rate and identified...identified 67% of previously identified ricin toxicity genes. The screen also discovered several genes previously...toxic if they were depleted from the screen. This toxicity was used a proxy for detecting Cas9 cutting. Safe...targeting guides better control for non-specific toxicity than non-targeting guides First, Morgens et al...

...Addgene. How to cite options using the different PID formats The instructions for how to cite any Addgene ...have used the same plasmid through the “Articles Citing this Plasmid” section. Having IDs linked to these...reproducibility of experiments. Additionally, proper citation of these Addgene IDs in published work allows ...section have been updated to include the option of citing with resolvable compact identifier and RRID formats...this plasmid’s page you will find that the “How to cite this plasmid” section now lists the multiple PIDs...n2t.net/addgene:87155 ; RRID:Addgene_87155).” So when citing, you can copy and paste the text attributing the... Or if in doubt, copy and paste the entire line. Cite plasmid using a resolvable compact identifier and...

...your particular field of research.   Citations tools DOI Citation Formatter Just enter the DOI of a paper...generating citations for a few papers at a time. Mendeley Mendeley works much like other popular citation managers...academic databases.  Downloading Mendeley Cite lets you cite papers from your Mendeley library in Microsoft...Zotero is also another free citation manager that lets you organize and cite papers. With the Zotero Connector...Chrome browsers with just one click. Papers can be cited in Word, LibreOffice, or Google Docs. Files can ...chart highlights the differences between these two citation managers. If you want more tips on finding and...podcast episode 2 "Essential Grad School Resources: Citation Managers, Programming, & Productivity": This podcast...

...wavelength than the exciting wavelength. Thus, FPs are proteins with this unique capacity. Many of these FPs...switch their color when activated by a specific excitation wavelength. This means that the emission wavelength...George G. Stokes) is the shift in wavelength from excitation to emission. For most FPs, Stokes shift is less...shift is ≥ 100nm. Specifically, these proteins are excited by UV light or blue light and their emission is.... Fluorescent Sensors: These FPs change their excitation/emission behavior upon environmental changes ... in mind when choosing a fluorescent protein Excitation & Emission (ex/em): Each FP has its unique ...peak. Therefore, choose FPs that your system can excite, and detect the emission. For example, if your ...

...lot of references. I cite as I write, meaning I use the software to add the citations in real time as I ...and experiments. A comment about citing: I wasn’t sure if I should cite reviews or the primary literature... little crazy (meaning you are probably going to cite hundreds of references) and it’s better to keep ...from the beginning. I also recommend using the citation style of (Last name, Year) in the document while...experiments. Later, you can easily convert the citation style to whatever the journal requires. Using ...studies. I also did not limit myself to the well-cited or popular papers, but looked for papers from a ...anything else. Like I mentioned, I also added citations in real time as I wrote, so each statement was...

...filter set but the excitation filter excites more of the peak of the TagRFP excitation and the emission ...their excitation and emission spectra, but a good rule of thumb is that both the peak excitation wavelengths...substantial overlap between the excitation and emission filters and the excitation and emission spectra of the... requires multiple fluorescent proteins whose excitation and emission spectra differ sufficiently for ...microscope optics, you will want to compare the excitation and emission spectra of your protein with the... the protein, so that the protein is well excited by your microscope and the fluorescence emission of ...mCherry spectrum is shown in the lighter colors; excitation spectra are blue and emission spectra are red...

...Considering citations to all articles, Anurag Acharya and colleagues report, the percentage of citations to articles...to 1975 and is based on the average number of citations for recent articles. Of course, a publication ...measure scientific impact. Even if we stick to citation counts for a moment, it’s clear that articles ...Non-Elite Journals” found that the proportion of highly cited articles appearing in lower-prestige journals has...articles in non-elite journals went from 27% of all citations in 1995 to 47% in 2013 – yes, almost half.   The...Accessibility is surely also behind the increase in citations for older publications. (As an interesting aside...aside, Nature recently reported that the most cited work in history is a 1951 description of an assay to...

...photostable. It also has narrow excitation and emission peaks (max excitation at 493 nm and max emission at...fluorophores that excite in the violet range. For example, mWasabi can be used with Sapphire (excitation maximum...We are excited about our new partnership with Allele Biotechnology which allows researchers to deposit...than the most commonly used GFPs and YFPs. Its excitation maxima is at 506 nm and its emission maxima is... replacements relative to CFP484. Because the excitation and emission maxima were red-shifted (462 nm ...researchers recommend using mTFP1 with a 445/30 nm excitation filter, a 470 nm beamsplitter, and a 495/30 nm... CFP set. mTFP1 can be used as a FRET donor to mCitrine and mOrange or for live cell imaging of fusions...

... cloning capacity, decreased  potential for the generation of RCA and reduced immunogenicity. In addition...increased cloning capacity (up to 36 kb!), long-term transgene expression and negligible toxicity. However, their...transgene expression (Interestingly, the strong immunogenicity of AdVs is what makes them ideal candidates... Ad vectors (helper-dependent (HD-Ad), or high-capacity (HC-Ad__ are devoid of viral genes and therefore...such as HEK293 cells. 1st generation AdV cloning capacity is limited to 8.2 kb, and in vivo transgene expression...2nd generation AdVs, thereby increasing cloning capacity to ~12 Kb. The ever popular pAdEasy system belongs...to this category. 3rd Gen AdV (Gutless or high capacity AdV) are devoid of all viral coding sequences ...

...Long-term light exposure can also lead to cellular phototoxicity, and experimental success can be affected by...emitted by a Renilla luciferase variant are used to excite the fused fluorescent protein. This technique is... used FRET, but it eliminates the need for an excitation light source. Instead, a luciferase substrate...-lanterns are not subject to photobleaching/phototoxicity, they successfully imaged multiple subcellular...constant supply of substrate. Using this compound to excite the Nano-lanterns, Takai et al. continuously imaged...imaging, especially where photobleaching and phototoxicity are a concern, these constructs come in very...complement optogenetic tools, where light used for excitation can cause unintended activation of the optogenetic...

...primary antibody specificity. The gold standard in demonstrating primary antibody specificity is to test the...include a primary antibody specificity control, secondary antibody specificity control, label control, and...Secondary antibody specificity  In indirect staining approaches, secondary antibody specificity must also be... be able to confirm that the testing protocols elicited the expected response and have a baseline with... antibody-based experiments Primary antibody specificity Antibody-based assays have their own unique controls...gold standard to demonstrate primary antibody specificity. B, secondary antibody-only staining will allow.... Non-specific binding  Primary antibody specificity is further supported by a pre-immune serum or...

...without changing excitation wavelength (Salomonnson et al. 2012). They can also be excited efficiently at...bone marrow to the thymus where they gain their specificity or from the thymus to the lymph nodes. These ...source is mounted above (epi) the specimen and the excitation light passes through the microscope objective... or dyes. 3. Two-photon microscopy Two-photon excitation microscopy is a fluorescence imaging technique...fluorescent molecule (see figure to the right). The excitation generated by these two-photons occurs only at...physio-pathological challenge. However technical specificities have to be taken into consideration especially...commonly used orange and red fluorescent proteins are excited by 750 nm to 760 nm laser light, enabling dual ...

...where labeling specificity is most important. Donor labeling and the need for specificity Donor fluorophores...fluorophores. When the first fluorophore (the donor) is excited, it can transfer energy directly via resonance ...FRET fluorophores? When is absolute labeling specificity needed and when is it not? What are the proper...proper mailbox (i.e., a binding site) in the right city (protein). In a cell, this task is even harder due...FRET experimental design is that the targeting specificity requirements are different for the donor and ...single mailbox at a specific house in your molecular city). However, the acceptor doesn’t need to go to the...are delivered to the wrong address in a different city, you can still develop a successful FRET-based assay...

...Packaging Capacity (>8kb) High Transduction Efficiency Transient Gene Expression High Immunogenecity ...the brain. Secondly, some viruses have a low immunogenicity which makes them ideal for applications with...primary advantage over adenovirus is their low immunogenicity, which means they do not stimulate a strong...attractive tool for human subject delivery, as immunogenicity was previously a large barrier for gene therapy...Tropism Only Infects Dividing Cells Moderate Immunogenicity Insertional Mutagenesis Possible Lentivirus...Episomal (Little Risk of Mutagenesis) Very Low Immunogenicity Infects Non-Dividing Cells Transient Gene...Mouse Cells and Hematopoietic Cells Low Packaging Capacity (~4.5kb From basic science to clinical applications...