...trafficking signals to localize opsins to the cell membrane. Microbial opsins, such as those described below... at physiological pH and trafficks well to the membrane. Excitatory (Depolarizing) ChR Variants. The optogenetic...from Kir2.1 and ER export signal provide improved membrane targeting 589 Archaerhodopsins Arch Light-activated...experimental contexts, including protein activation, membrane localization, and transcriptional activation. ... sequester and release proteins from cellular membranes using light. light-induced protein dissociation...pair to the target protein, and the other to the membrane where the target protein is to be sequestered ...plasmids allow cloning of protein coding sequences with GFP-LOVpep, cpPDZ, ePDZb and ePDZb1 as tags. pDawn/pDusk...