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We narrowed to 281 results for: hal.1

Showing: 21 - 40 of 281 results

  1. Fluorescent Tagging of Endogenous Genes with SapTrap

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 12, 2017, 2:26 p.m.
    ... 5’ and 3’ homology arm repair template (Fig. 1, Step 1). There is no need for PCR or cloning, as digestion...selectable marker, and connector to be released (Fig. 1, Step 2-3). Since donor plasmids of the same type ...correctly assembles the final targeting vector (Fig. 1, Step 4), and co-injection of the targeting vector...human cells. To use CRISPaint, users need 3 vectors:  1) a gRNA vector that targets the gene of interest, ... Tagging with Short Homology Donors.” Cell Rep.15(1) (2016):210-8. PubMed PMID: 27052166. Kunzelmann,...the tag for each insertion. Also, it remains challenging to screen for the genetically modified strains...fluorescent (EGFP, tagRFP, mCherry) and nonfluorescent (Halo, SNAP) tags, a selectable marker (floxed Cbr-unc...

  2. An Integrin Antibody Toolkit from IPI

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 28, 2024, 1:15 p.m.
    ...-Integrin alpha 5 beta 1 [IPI-ITGA5/ITGB1.2] Integrin alpha-5,Integrin beta-1 Human, Mouse IgG1 Rabbit...-Integrin alpha 5 beta 1 [IPI-ITGA5/ITGB1.4] Integrin alpha-5,Integrin beta-1 Human, Mouse IgG1 Rabbit...specific integrins in cellular processes.   Figure 1: Integrins can shape into three conformations: (A)...immunoprecipitation and immunohistochemistry. Table 1: IPI antibodies  Antibody Target Proteins Reactivity...Human IgG1 Rabbit Anti-Integrin alpha M [IPI-LM2/1] Integrin alpha-M Human IgG1 Rabbit Anti-Integrin...Human IgG2a Mouse Anti-Integrin alpha M [IPI-LM2/1] Integrin alpha-M Human IgG2a Mouse Anti-Integrin... β1 integrin mechanics. Nature Communications, 13(1), 7471. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-35173-w...

  3. Negative Can Be Positive: Open AAV Data with Addgene

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Sept. 6, 2022, 1:15 p.m.
    ...across scientific disciplines. Scientific Data, 8(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00981-0 Wright...excellent at infecting our target neurons (Figure 1). However, this one set of experiments didn’t provide...yet none of that data was published.    Fig. 1: Testing of three different AAV serotypes (AAV1, 8...purification and formulation. Molecular Therapy, 12(1), 171–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymthe.2005.02.021...Stimulation. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 14(December), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2020.578687 Additional... peripheral nervous system presents a special challenge to scientists. What works well in one cell or ...vectors in neuroscience Let’s consider my first challenge when I started working with AAV vectors. I wanted...

  4. Treating Muscular Dystrophy with CRISPR Gene Editing

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Jan. 26, 2016, 3:30 p.m.
    ...X-linked recessive disorder affecting approximately 1 in 5000 males. DMD is caused primarily by frameshift... applicable to 80% of DMD patients. Figure 1: Exon skipping strategies for Duchenne muscular dystrophy...needed. First, CRISPR delivery must be optimized to: 1. Reach a high percentage of muscle cells throughout...also be closer than we might expect.   References 1. Kaiser J. CRISPR helps heal mice with muscular dystrophy...neurogenetic diseases. Nucleic Acid Ther. 2014 Feb;24(1):69-86. PubMed PMID: 24506781. PubMed Central PMCID...);186-91. doi: 10.1038/nature14299. Epub 2015 Apr 1. PubMed PMID: 25830891. PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4393360...Precision genome editing faces the challenges above and more. One chief challenge is upregulating HDR in mature...

  5. SciComm with the Experts at Science in the News Part 1

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 16, 2017, 1:06 p.m.
    ...Listen to the interview with Science in the News, Part 1 Podcast breakdown Introduction to Vini, Amy, and ...Communication The Purpose of Science Communication #1 Mistake Scientists Make when Communicating with Non-Scientists... This is the first half of a two-part interview with Vini Mani and Amy Gilson from Science in the News...eager to communicate their science. In this first half of our two-part interview with Vini and Amy, we’...

  6. Delivery Methods for Generating iPSCs

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    April 17, 2018, 1:37 p.m.
    ...) element and the cis-acting EBNA-1 from Epstein-Barr virus. EBNA-1 binds oriP and allows for replication...Difficult to purify reprogramming proteins. Table 1: Key Features of Different Methods for Generating ...-based expression requires serial transfection of 1 or 2 plasmids that express the reprogramming factors...  Replicating oriP/Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA1) based episomes: These plasmids carry the origin...method Most iPSC research falls into two categories: 1) studies focused on better understanding the mechanisms...iPSCs experiences in the comments below! References  1. Sano, Masayuki, Minoru Iijima, Manami Ohtaka, and...Methods figures were adapted from this reference. 1. Malik, Nasir, and Mahendra S. Rao. "A Review of the...

  7. Quick Guide to Working with Drosophila Part 2: Controlling Gene Expression in Flies with Gal4/UAS

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 21, 2017, 12:48 p.m.
    ...transcription activation system co-opted from yeast (1). It is a Drosophila geneticist’s main workhorse to...he still reads “#” as a “pound symbol”. References 1. A. H. Brand, N. Perrimon, Targeted gene expression... A Fly Geneticist’s Swiss Army Knife, Genesis 34, 1–15 (2002).PubMed PMID: 12324939. 3. S. E. McGuire,...Versatile Toolkit for Gene Expression in Drosophila, 3, 1–10 (2015). PubMed PMID: 21356876. 5. J. Chow, Z. Marka...two genes by one Gal4 driver will produce roughly half as much protein as overexpression of each gene individually...384–391 (2004). PubMed PMID: 15262411. 4. T. D. Southall, D. A. Elliott, A. H. Brand, The GAL4 System :...Marka, J. C. Kagan, Environmental Stress Causes Lethal Neuro-Trauma during Asymptomatic Viral Infections...

  8. Great Results Start with Great Standard Curves

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 15, 2024, 1:15 p.m.
    ...    Figure 1: A 1 mg/mL control is diluted in a series ranging from 1:2 to 1:32. Each individual...example, Figure 1 depicts a 2-fold dilution series. Each step of the series dilutes by 1:2 for a series...series that ranges from 1:2–1:32. The specific dilution series used will depend on the expected concentration... points fit the trendline. R2 ranges from 0 to 1 with 1 being a perfect fit and 0 indicating that there...individual step of the series is consistent at 1:2. When preparing a dilution series, use a new pipette tip for...allergy testing lab, and the grad student down the hall from you have in common? All of them rely on standard...

  9. Scientific Reproducibility - Focusing on Solutions at the Minisymposium on Reproducibility

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 18, 2018, 7:32 p.m.
    ... handed out at the event). Program 0 - 1:24 - Intro 1:24 - 29:31 - Reproducibility Overview - Jeffrey... 49:45 0 1:18:45 - Reagent Development - Steven C. Almo, Institute for Protein Innovation  1:18:45 - 2...reproducibility As Jeffrey Flier points out in his talk (1:24 - 29:31), there are a variety of ways of defining...enterprise towards greater reproducibility. Cause 1: Inability to repeat previously performed experiments...the Institute for Protein Innovation (IPI) (49:45 - 1:18:45), there are also initiatives to create more ...found. Consider the hypothetical situation in Figure 1 where many scientists are performing similar experiments...Pamela Hines (Senior Editor at Science) Edward J. Hall (Professor of Philosophy at Harvard University) ...

  10. Droplet Digital PCR for AAV Quantitation

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Jan. 16, 2020, 2:18 p.m.
    ...range of titers. We usually dilute our samples 1:6 million to 1:25 million.  After making the dilutions, they...evaluation in challenged monkeys and TB diagnosis." Emerging microbes & infections 7.1 (2018): 1-9. PubMed...note that the dynamic range of the ddPCR is between 1 and 100,000 genome copies (GC) per reaction. Since...In the image to the right, there is approximately 1 positive copy per microliter in the no template control...elongation time to 2 minutes and the denaturation time to 1 minute has been shown to increase droplet separation...generating the standard curve for qPCR can be challenging to get right. Here at Addgene, we use a linearized...

  11. CRISPR Antimicrobials

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 3, 2016, 2:30 p.m.
    ..., they used 1-2 CRISPR crRNAs targeting sequences found only in certain bacteria (Figure 1). Citorik et...from 50% to 11% in just 24 hours.   Figure 1: Single-phage strategies for bacterial CRISPR targeting...genome, and it carries CRISPR machinery targeting 1) the given resistance gene and 2) a second lytic phage...the fight against bacterial superbugs. References 1. Citorik, Robert J., Mimee, Mark, and Timothy K. Lu...Targeted Bacterial Population Editing.” Cell Syst. 1(3):187-196. (2015). PubMed: PMID 26973885. Additional...may provide a method for doing just that. While challenges remain in the delivery of these agents, CRISPR...CRISPR-induced double-stranded break (DSB) in the genome is lethal. If this DSB occurs on a plasmid, the plasmid will...

  12. Optogenetics + CRISPR, Using Light to Control Genome Editing

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Sept. 3, 2020, 12:15 p.m.
    ...2 (CRY2) and calcium and integrin-binding protein 1 (CIB1) proteins. The goal of both groups was to create... the Sata lab is composed of two fusion proteins: 1) the genomic anchor - an inactive, dead Cas9 protein...combination. The optimized LACE system consisted of: 1) CIBN-dCas9-CIBN, where CIBN is the N-terminal fragment.... crassa) (Kawano et al., 2015). Nicknamed paCas9-1 and consisting of the fusion proteins N713-pMag and...fold-induction of Cas9 activity (16.4-fold). This paCas9-1 light-inducible system was able to recognize the same...flCas9). When triggered by blue light (470nm), paCas9-1 induced indel mutations via NHEJ (frequency of 20.5%...background activity of the system by modifying paCas9-1 using nMagC714 instead of nMagHigh1-C714, generating...

  13. Viral Vectors 101: AAV Variables That Matter

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 1, 2023, 1:15 p.m.
    ...promoters. Gene Therapy, 28(1–2), 56–74. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41434-020-0169-1 Oh, J. Y., Han, J. H., ...the selection process. Factors to think about are (1) your experimental conditions and measurements; (2...serotype, promoter, and titer.     Figure 1: Flow chart depicting a) steps for selecting serotypes...injection site than AAV2 (Watakabe et al., 2015) (Figure 1). You’ll need to consider if such properties could...AAV.  Figure 2: Comparison of AAV serotypes 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, and 9 in two different brain regions....Image modified from Aschauer et al., 2013, Figure 1. Used under Creative Commons Attribution License. ...Applications in Gene Therapy: An Overview. Cells, 12(5), 1–41. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12050785 Murlidharan...

  14. Adeno-associated Viruses (AAVs) for Genome Editing

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 27, 2018, 1:32 p.m.
    ...infection, gene targeting vectors with relatively short (1 kb) homology arms underwent homologous recombination...sequences of interest to cells with efficiencies of 1-40% after G418 selection (Kohli et al 2004, Kim et...with polylinkers for the addition of gene-specific 1 kb homology arms flanking a FLOXed neoR gene. pAAV-SEPT-Acceptor...since it routinely generates knockin efficiencies of 1-40% with G418-selected clones. However, there are ...efficiency of gene editing is occasionally less than 1%, and virtually never exceeds 40%. While this is comparable...gene inactivation in human cancer.     References 1. Russell, David W., and Roll K. Hirata. "Human gene...double strand break repair, it has proven more challenging to develop high efficiency CRISPR-based approaches...

  15. Measuring Kinase Activity at the Single-Cell Level with Kinase Translocation Reporters (KTRs)

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 26, 2018, 12:46 p.m.
    ...Kinases: they regulate many proteins, with ~1/3 of human proteins predicted to be phosphorylated on at...which have previously been characterized. See Box 1 in Kudo et al. for more details on the design of the...using translocation reporters. Nature protocols, 13 1, 155-169. PMID: 29266096. Find the KTR plasmids here...kinase activity is FRET, but FRET reporters are challenging to design and difficult to multiplex. The Covert...which fluorophores can be multiplexed together. Challenging  to Design: FRET reporter activity depends on...

  16. PiggyBac-ing Through the Genome Editing Field

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 31, 2016, 3:30 p.m.
    ...Correct Path.,” J. stem cell Regen. Biol., vol. 1, no. 1, Jan. PubMed PMID: 26702451. PubMed Central PMCID...genetic manipulation in mammalian cells until 2005 [1]. Like other transposons, piggyBac™ has two components...The predicted frequency of ‘TTAA’ in the genome is 1 in every 256 base-pairs of DNA sequence, making it...has been demonstrated) with no known upper limit [1]. The piggyBac™ technology can be used for numerous...genetic loci of integration [8].   Figure 1: Mechanism of the piggyBac™  transposase/transposon...technologies and strategies for their projects. References 1. L. E. Woodard and M. H. Wilson, “piggyBac-ing models...CRISPR/Cas9, TALENs, and ZFNs). However, several challenges still remain, such as making gene edits completely...

  17. Viral Vectors 101: Systemic Capsids

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 12, 2023, 1:15 p.m.
    ...total dose between 1 x 1011 and 5 x 1011 vg per animal (i.e., 10 and 50 µL of vector at 1 x 1013 vg/mL titer... and 1 x 1012 vg*. Most systemic capsids are easy to produce in high titer, but higher doses (>1 x 1012...before using it in an application.     Figure 1: AAV toolkit for targeted gene delivery to the brain...decision tree for selecting a capsid, while Table 1 gives a brief overview of published descriptions of...Capsids page to learn more about that collection. Table 1: Systemic capsid plasmids available from Addgene ...AAV9. At lower viral titers than AAV-PHP.B (e.g., 1 x 1011 vg/mouse), AAV-PHP.eB can transduce a greater...Diverse Brain Cells. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 45(1), 447–469. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-neuro-111020...

  18. Which Fluorescence Microscopy Technique is Best for Me?

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 10, 2017, 1:57 p.m.
    ... microscopy contrast technique in modern biology (1). When performed correctly, fluorescence microscopy...relatively thicker three dimensional sample (see Figure 1); similar to an MRI or CT scanner. This is accomplished... the resolution of a light microscope (see Figure 1). What microscopy technique should I use for my experiment...new sample I always start by asking two questions: 1) Is the sample dynamic or static? 2) Is the sample...of modern day fluorescence microscopes (see Table 1). Thin dynamic samples Ex: monolayers of live cells...excitation light can push imaging depths closer to 1 mm. Traditionally, 2-photon has been a very slow imaging...manufacturers have similar information References 1. Lichtman JW, Conchello JA. Fluorescence microscopy...

  19. Adenoviral Vector Production and Troubleshooting

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 14, 2018, 11:44 a.m.
    ...repeats (ITR) present at both ends.   Figure 1: A) The structure of an adenovirus: the virion is ... 5 key steps: Construction of the rAdV plasmid (~1 week): The AdEasyTM system is the most popular method...Addgene’s Adenoviral Guide webpage, and references 1, 2.*Pro-Tip*: once the correct recombinant pAdV plasmid...transfected with the AdV plasmid construct from step #1 and allowed to stay in culture for up to 20 additional... it will result in very low titer. Amplification (1-2 weeks) - The rAdV-S is used to infect more HEK293...-4 rounds) at increasing scale over the course of 1-2 weeks. Each round of amplification should result...CsCl are commercially available. Titer calculation (1 or 10 days) Physical titer (particle count, rAdV ...

  20. Deep Dive: Fixing and Permeabilizing for Immunofluorescence

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 30, 2022, 1:15 p.m.
    ...preventing your primary antibody from binding (Fig.1). The level of cross-linking that occurs depends on...proteins, which could disrupt your target epitope (Fig. 1). So, while organic solvents may improve antibody ...thing depending on your experiment.   Figure 1: Choice of fixation method impacts antibody binding...New York, pp 299–311. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8935-5_26  Rolls G (2022) Process of Tissue Fixation...www.leicabiosystems.com/us/knowledge-pathway/fixation-and-fixatives-1-the-process-of-fixation-and-the-nature-of-fixatives...samples in a given state or point in time. You want to halt degradative processes while maintaining the structure...fixation-artifacts-and-how-to-minimize-them/  Goldenthal KL, Hedman K, Chen JW, et al (1985) Postfixation...
Showing: 21 - 40 of 281 results