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We narrowed to 866 results for: FER

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  1. Plasmids 101: Using Transposons in the Lab

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 6, 2021, 1:28 p.m.
    ... transposition.  Target site: Different transposons insert at different DNA sequences or target sites....has several different applications (mutagenesis screens, transgenic animals, gene transfer). The discovery...specific locations in the genome.   References and Resources References Feschotte C, Pritham EJ (2007) DNA...commonly used in the lab While there are many different types of transposons, DNA transposons are most... vectors.   Let’s take a closer look at three different transposon systems adapted for use as research...Sandoval-Villegas et al., 2021). Sleeping Beauty’s preferred target site for integration is TA dinucleotides...piggyBac, Tol2 has a weak consensus sequence for its preferred target integration site: TNA(C/G)TTATAA(G/C)TNA...

  2. Antibodies 101: Isotypes

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Oct. 19, 2021, 1:15 p.m.
    ...destroy and remove a pathogen. Different isotypes also appear at different stages of an immune response..... Some isotypes have different versions or subclasses that have minor differences in their heavy chain...new Isotype trading cards!     References and resources References Janeway CA Jr, Travers P, Walport...express receptors that recognize the Fc portion of different antibody isotypes. Binding to complement system...that transport antibodies through cells and into different body compartments, such as into mucus, tears, ...Western blotting.  The five isotypes of antibodies Differences in their heavy chain constant regions result ... However, when B cells switch to expressing a different isotype, the intervening DNA sequence is deleted...

  3. Antibodies 101: Selecting the Right Antibody

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 15, 2022, 1:15 p.m.
    ...conjugated to different fluorophores or a panel of primaries that was raised in different species or are...are complex and antibodies may perform differently in different samples and experimental conditions. Be...for IHC, not all IHC experiments are the same. Differences in sample processing, fixation, antigen-retrieval...make sure that you can easily distinguish each different type of antibody and therefore each target protein...unique isotype or species, then you can choose different fluorophore-conjugated secondary antibodies specific...that has been cited thousands of times may be a safer bet than one that has never been used in a publication... and knowledgeable technical support team, is a safer bet than one from a large distributor that may not...

  4. The CRISPR Software Matchmaker: A New Tool for Choosing the Best CRISPR Software for Your Needs

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Nov. 3, 2015, 3:30 p.m.
    ...organism. Output diversity: Different tools provide results to the user in different formats. This can have...development CRISPR, like the miRNA bubble before it, offers an interesting view into how rapid innovation affects...the piñata beating party goers are altogether different. They are filled with blind anticipation. Their.... Many tools have also opted to mix-and-match different scoring algorithms and parameters. This tapestry...data input in order to generate results. While different types of input are more user-friendly than others..., this is of less concern than data output as different input types can be readily converted.  Examples...later or share them. Community exclusivity: Different communities develop software for their own needs...

  5. Hot Plasmids: Fall 2024

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Nov. 21, 2024, 1:30 p.m.
    ...middle of proteins) and performs well in many different antibody-based applications.  IPI’s recombinant...recommended for use in western blots (Figure 1). If you prefer to produce your own antibody or want to swap out...virus 5 and their use in revealing antigenic differences between human, canine and simian isolates. J ...early embryogenesis (Figure 3). mScarlet-I3 also offered clearer signals due to reduced background signal...systems don’t always work across species due to differences in natural DNA repair pathways and spontaneous...high rate of spontaneous antibiotic resistance interfering with selection. Using an inducible Cas9 expression...mechanosensor called PILATeS, Pulling-Induced Luciferase Association Tension Sensor (Zhong et al., 2024...

  6. To Codon Optimize or Not: That is the Question

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Nov. 12, 2020, 2:15 p.m.
    ... genetic code is universal, many different organisms actually prefer certain codons over others for certain... (Mauro and Chappell, 2014). Different rates of translation by different tRNAs, including those that exhibit...There are 64 different codons that encode 20 amino acids and three stop codons, meaning that the same...important? Translation and protein synthesis relies on transfer RNAs (tRNAs). tRNAs bind to and deliver amino ...tRNAs that are expressed may be found at very different levels (Mauro and Chappell, 2014). Due to this...that is based on the codon usage frequency in a reference of highly expressed genes (Sharp and Li, 1987)... companies, such as IDT, Genewiz and GenScript, offer tools to help with these decisions.  So when do ...

  7. Plasmids 101: Control Plasmids

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    April 9, 2015, 3:29 p.m.
    ...multiple times and on different days. Using our example above, we would test different preparations of Plasmid...Plasmid A in different aliquots of cells on several different days. Biological replicates control for ...There are many, many different types of experiments carried out by scientists every day. Although the...the plasmid without the independent variable. Referring back to the experiment associated with Figure ...constitutively expresses a reporter protein (e.g., GFP or luciferase) that is either co-transfected with the test ... the results because it provides an important reference point when analyzing the specificity of the shRNA...variable should be consistent over time and from different preparations of the purified test plasmid expressing...

  8. Behind the scenes: Addgene’s new search engine and more

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Dec. 12, 2019, 2:22 p.m.
    ...findability” of the information on the site. Different users have different strategies for finding what they need...the overall user experience of our website, the different website navigation paths, the organization and...homepage and navigational elements help users who prefer to browse and discover items in our catalog or ...resources through our main dropdown menu. For users who prefer to use search, our updated search engine is now...software team tailored Elasticsearch to support the different usage patterns the larger team identified. The...our catalog of materials and services is quite different from the way it searches through our educational...information in our search indices in order to support different kinds of matches: exact words, partial words, ...

  9. Delivery Methods for Generating iPSCs

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    April 17, 2018, 1:37 p.m.
    ...transgenes in iPSC-derived cells can interfere with their differentiation potential. Finally, retroviruses...reprogramming factors and wait for cells to de-differentiate. However it’s difficult, especially as a newbie...reprogramming proteins. Table 1: Key Features of Different Methods for Generating iPSCs. One important note...reactivation of Myc or other oncogenes after differentiation has been linked to tumor formation in iPSC-...drawback is that lentiviral vectors insert in different genetic locations in each transduced cell, so ...a single polycistronic transgene or with four different adenoviruses, each expressing one factor. These...mutagenesis, adenoviral vectors are considered a safer way to express reprogramming factors for therapeutic...

  10. Plasmids 101: Modular Cloning Applications and Kits

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 14, 2024, 1:15 p.m.
    ...components expressed from different plasmid backbones. They noted that backbone differences such as the order,...assess how different lentiviral plasmid backbone elements impact viral titer and to compare different Cas enzymes...Hurt for his expertise and input.  References and resources References Weber, Ernst, et al. “A Modular ...review common uses of MoClo and the kits Addgene offers to kickstart these applications, no matter what...product in an affordable way, researchers test many different combinations of promoters, terminators, solubility... excellent option (Iverson et al., 2016). CIDAR offers a one-pot reaction wherein multi-part assembly ...is at your service (Lee et al., 2015). This kit offers a broad range of parts, including copy number machinery...

  11. Fluorescent Proteins 101: Introduction to FRET

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 27, 2017, 1:03 p.m.
    ...this FRET you speak of? Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) was originally described by Theodor Förster...alternative acronym Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer. Unlike the typical excitation and emission of...excited fluorophore, FRET involves a non-radiative transfer of energy (i.e. no emitted photons) from the excited...excitation by absorption of a photon 2. Energy transfer from the excited donor directly to the acceptor...the acceptor fluorophore. Otherwise the energy transferred from the donor will not be able to excite the...other and be oriented appropriately for energy transfer via dipole-dipole interaction. The efficiency ... typical FRET range, FRET efficiency is used to infer an interaction between the fluorophores and serves...

  12. Viral Vectors 101: Producing Your rAAV

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 16, 2024, 1:15 p.m.
    ...updated by Ina Ersing in August 2023 References and resources  References  Aurnhammer, C., Haase, M., Muether...required adenoviral helper genes are supplied on two different packaging plasmids: the pHelper plasmid containing...expressing Ad E1A and E1B, can be transfected with your transfer plasmid, carrying your gene of interest, and the...virions out. We recommend using a Tris-based lysis buffer and sonication.  The obtained virions from cells...remove the density gradient material by dialysis/buffer exchange and further concentrate the virions if...titering assay, you’ll need to understand how different titers are measured. A TCID50 measurement reports...have a high-quality plasmid standard and rAAV reference material of a known titer on every qPCR run. Note...

  13. Polymerase Chain Reaction Overview and Applications

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 10, 2021, 1:15 p.m.
    ... and reference on how to design PCR primers.  Types of PCR Since the invention of PCR, different PCR methods...PCR, which is commonly referred to as simply PCR, is used for an array of different molecular biology techniques...Analysis RNA detection     References and Resources References Shen C-H (2019) Amplification of... methods have been developed for different scientific applications. These PCR methods all use the same...same basic PCR set up and steps but differ in how the PCR products are analyzed.   End point PCR End point...alleles or mutations. ddPCR also does not require a reference or standard curve, which can be time consuming...Multiple template PCR - multiple templates with different primer pairs that align to the target region of...

  14. Zebrafish as a Model for Behavior: Swimming into the Optogenetic Spotlight

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 16, 2019, 12:59 p.m.
    ...Because of the differing peak absorption wavelengths and light intensity requirements of different opsins, studies...behavioral studies because it is non-invasive and offers a high degree of control over time and space. Zebrafish...simultaneously and still be individually activated with different lights (Baier et al., 2009).  Zebrafish behaviors...assays can be done on zebrafish at 5 days post fertilization, including escape behavior and spontaneous swimming... do so, the lab expressed the LiGluR opsin in different subsets of spinal cord neurons using the Gal4/...Gal4/UAS system. This created fish lines with different groups of neurons that could be activated with light...spontaneous swim or escape, was elicited when these different neuron groups were activated or “turned on.” In...

  15. DNA Purification Without a Kit

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Feb. 11, 2020, 2:15 p.m.
    ...could just make their own buffers when the kits buffers ran out. Homemade buffers performed the same as those...maxi, giga) which requires you to buy different kits for different purposes, with the Kim and Morrison ...Read our Molecular Biology Reference Visit our protocol video library References Kim, Y., & Morrison, S.... need them and to accumulate a bunch of unused buffers because you’ve run out of columns. Kit-less DNA...precipitated with alcohol and resuspended in TE buffer. After this, the DNA is ready for use! Plasmid ...released by dipping the cellulose directly into a PCR buffer, where DNA or RNA can be amplified. Compared to...times. DNA purification kits don’t come with enough buffer for this many uses of the columns, but the Zhao...

  16. Lentiviral Vector Uses and Overview

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 19, 2016, 2:30 p.m.
    ...of three plasmids: the packaging, envelope, and transfer plasmids. The packaging plasmid carried a mutated...of cells the vector could infect. Finally, the transfer plasmid encoded the desired transgene flanked ...facilitates nuclear export of transcripts). A different viral envelope protein (Env), usually from VSV-G...packaging system Although the 2nd generation system is safer than the original system, the possibility of creating...-competent virus via recombination between the transfer and packaging plasmids does exist. To further ...created the 3rd generation system (Figure 3), which differs from the 2nd generation in two key ways. First,...containing a Tat-independent promoter. Although safer, this system may be more cumbersome to use and lead...

  17. Antibodies 101: Antibody Engineering and Directed Evolution

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 5, 2025, 1:15 p.m.
    ...an antibody but want to know if different combinations or even different chimeras might function better...antibody-based cancer therapeutics.    References and Resources References Chan, A. C., & Carter, P. J. (2010...functions, the constant regions can be altered for different isotypes, and so much more. How you engineer an... variable; sdAb: single-domain antibody (often referred to as nanobodies). Created with BioRender.com....specific goal, like improved specificity. There are different ways to achieve this goal, including error-prone...same general cyclical process (Figure 2). The differences typically come in when generating the library...that contains a variety of degenerate codons (different codon sequences that code for the same amino acid...

  18. When Fidelity Matters: A frank discussion about ligase fidelity

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 6, 2018, 1:49 p.m.
    ... probes, LDR can reliably detect single-base differences. The original creators of this technique visualized...fidelity mean for a ligase? DNA ligases generally prefer fully Watson-Crick base-paired dsDNA substrates.... The structural/mechanistic reason for this differential is not known for certain, but may have to do...This methodology has been used to rapidly screen buffer conditions for Taq DNA Ligase and their effect ...upstream probes and four down-stream probes, each differing only in the base at the ligation junction. Thus...Sixteen separate pools were prepared, each with a different complement strand covering all 16 possible NN ...each possible pairing resulted in a product of a different length, with products identifiable and quantifiable...

  19. A Practical Guide to Optimizing AAV DIO and FLEx Vector Expression

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Nov. 2, 2021, 1:15 p.m.
    ...when interpreting the outcome.    References and resources References Aschauer DF, Kreuz S, Rumpel S (2013...2, and 5 Display Differential Efficiency and Cell Tropism after Delivery to Different Regions of the Central...theoretically this strategy should work, these vectors suffered from high levels of spurious expression.  As such... recognized by Cre, but they are comprised of different sequences (loxp and lox2272) and can not recombine... flank a transgene (homologous pairs) or used different scrambled sequences to flank the transgenes (non-homologous...  The AAV serotype used can exhibit profound differences in tropism between cell types (astrocytes, microglia.... 2013, O’Carroll, SJ. 2021). This is due to differences in the expression of receptors, post-translational...

  20. Natural or synthetic? How Addgene’s dataset reveals trends in biological innovation

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Nov. 8, 2018, 3:47 p.m.
    ...codon usage biases of different organisms. Different species have different preferences for the codons they...the gene may not express well because of these different codon usage biases. But if a gene’s sequence was...could be determined through comparisons with a reference sequence database. Through a series of simulations...Kunjapur says. Percent sequence identity was a different story - the team found that the percent sequence...sequences is Proteobacteria - the most frequent transfer of genes is from Proteobacteria to mammalian expression...natural gene sequence is, the less likely it is transferred into another organism in the lab. Predicting ...and synthetic biology is expanding rapidly.  References 1. Kunjapur, Aditya M., Philipp Pfingstag, and...

  21. Plasmids 101: Plasmid Incompatibility

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 31, 2020, 1:15 p.m.
    ...plasmids are compatible, different CBPs bind to each plasmid type, and different NTPases separate the plasmid...plasmids at Addgene Read our Molecular Biology Reference References  del Solar G, Giraldo R, Ruiz-Echevarría...incompatibility is defined as the inability of different plasmids to be maintained in one bacterial cell...al., 1998).  In cases of compatible plasmids, different negative regulation systems control plasmid replication...regulation system cannot distinguish between the different plasmids. The concentration of negative regulation...diffusion) to make this happen.  There are several different versions of the plasmid partitioning system in...identification issue: the CBPs in the cell can’t tell the difference between plasmids if they have the same centromere-like...

  22. AAV Titers: Where Do They Come From And What Do They Mean?

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Nov. 15, 2017, 3 p.m.
    ... C improved assay reliability. Different primers can have different annealing efficiencies (Wang et ...of samples from different sources should not be compared. If using AAV from different sources in the same...solution, and generally these methods measure different characteristics of the solution. These characteristics...because each sample with be quantified with a different primer pair. Ct values vary based on the amount...and low-concentration samples can also behave differently in PCR, even if both samples fall within the ...absolute quantification by using the universal AAV Reference Standard Material (AAV SFM), which is an AAV sample...addition to the AAV RSM, we include a second AAV reference sample of known titer, which is at a higher titer...

  23. Career Insights: Technical Support Specialist

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Nov. 9, 2017, 2 p.m.
    ...expect, different companies produce different products and therefore need people with different areas of...life science PhDs can offer: vast practical lab expertise, experience in different scientific fields, and... as: “Can I use this product under conditions different from those specified on its data sheet?” or “Do... questions customers ask, and there are also differences in customers’ personalities and their expectations...do jobs in technical support have? There are different names for technical support roles. Examples are...distinction between these job titles, they may be different regarding the levels of lab experience and scientific...communication skills by working with people from many different backgrounds and realizing that the same approach...

  24. CRISPR/Cas9 FAQs Answered!

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 13, 2014, 4:08 p.m.
    ...24, 2025 by Alyssa Shepard.   References and Resources References Beumer, K. J., Trautman, J. K....Cong worked with Addgene Senior Scientist, Matt Ferenc, to organize the CRISPR forum's most popular questions...double nickase system is that you can express two different chimeric gRNAs with the Cas9 nickase which will... like the wildtype Cas9 does. There are a few references for the double nickase system, including one ... my target sequence? A3: The human U6 promoter prefers a 'G' at the transcription start site to have high...system probably have better specificity. A good reference is Ran et al. (2013). As for target selection...most guides would work, but they sometimes have different efficiency). And it is best if the cut site is...

  25. New Neuroscience Tool: The iGluSnFR3 Glutamate Sensor

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    April 7, 2022, 1:15 p.m.
    ...variants differing in kinetics, affinity, and ∆F/F0. Introduce the two variants in three different membrane-targeting...fluorescent signals upon sensing glutamate in mouse and ferret models. Furthermore, they created three affinity...medium affinity for glutamate), that came in three different colors – blue (SF-Azurite-iGluSnFR), green (SF-iGluSnFR...glutamate signaling events, and accurately differentiating between synaptic vs. extrasynaptic glutamate...Figure 1   Increased versatility through two different variants The yellow (v82) and lime green (v857... Figure 2: Glutamate titration curves for the different iGluSnFR variants. Image adapted from Aggarwal...Figure 3: pH titration curves and ∆F/F0 for the different iGluSnFR variants. Image adapted from Aggarwal...

  26. Special Delivery: Fluorophore Targeting for FRET Studies

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 19, 2016, 2:30 p.m.
    ... in a different city, you can still develop a successful FRET-based assay since energy transfer only occurs...what's it good for? Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a biophysical interaction between two...first fluorophore (the donor) is excited, it can transfer energy directly via resonance to the second fluorophore...targeting the donor and acceptor fluorophores to the different biomolecules you’d like to test for interaction...that the targeting specificity requirements are different for the donor and acceptor fluorophores. The donor...Å away from the donor doesn’t result in energy transfer and thus, your specific FRET signal is unaffected...unaffected  Due to these fundamental differences in targeting specificity for donor and acceptor fluorophores...

  27. Antibodies 101: Designing Your First Flow Panel

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 28, 2024, 1:45 p.m.
    ...can't distinguish the different proteins from each other. To distinguish different target proteins in your...target. By using a mix of different antibody-fluorophore combinations for different markers of interest, you...occur in combination with that reporter, you can infer its presence through detecting the reporter's fluorescence...a process called Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET).   Figure 1: Emission spectra and...commonly used fluorophores. A fluorophore's brightness refers to the signal strength of the emitted photons detected...a global maximum at around 560 nm, leading to different levels of brightness, depending on the laser light's...these aren't strict rules and in practice the differences in brightness levels are often not that great...

  28. Quick Guide to Working with Drosophila Part 3: Genome Engineering in Flies

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 28, 2017, 1:30 p.m.
    ...overexpress or knockdown a gene, you might need different plasmids. Harvard’s DRSC/TRiP Functional Genomics...varying expression levels of your transgene in different fly lines. Also, if there is a chance you need...transgenes in one fly, having the transgenes in different loci allows for genetic recombination so that ...for direct comparisons between lines expressing different variants of YFG because the transgenes are found...remember that you’ll need to integrate them all at different loci. Fortunately, there are many docking sites...docking site is located). This amounts to a small difference of two or three weeks. 3. How would you like ...yourself. Depending on your strategy and the services offered by the company, you might have to map into which...

  29. Troubleshooting Your Plasmid Cloning Experiment

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Sept. 24, 2019, 12:55 p.m.
    ...digestion be sure that the buffers and temperature are compatible between the different enzymes. Always check...ligation mix in different bacterial strains (stbl2, NEB stable, etc.), and/or use a different temperature ...want to assemble together in a combination of different ways according to your cloning strategy: Restriction...from other DNA fragments and you will remove the buffers used in the previous reactions. This will increase... There are multiple ways you can assemble the different parts of a plasmid based on the cloning strategy...attention in the areas of ligation between the different fragments If you don’t get any positive clone...might want to reconsider your approach, and try a different cloning strategy. Once you've identified potential...

  30. Career Coaching for Scientists: Why and Where Do I Find One?

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Jan. 29, 2015, 1:25 p.m.
    ...current job situation. What can a coach do that is different from an adviser, boss or mentor? First, professional... transition out of the academic sphere into a different meaningful career in science. Supervisors in the...speaking at research institutions and at scientific conferences, I see that few scientists are aware of the benefits...few hours of coaching time can make an enormous difference so don’t assume that this will cost a fortune...successful outcome. How do I find a coach? Start with referrals. Are there scientists you know who have had a ...offices or professional organizations can provide referrals. There are bad coaches out there, so finding a...specializes in scientist coaching. Always ask for references and follow up with 3-4 to hear about those clients...

  31. Overcoming the Challenges of Lentiviral Production

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 7, 2018, 12:31 p.m.
    ...containing structural genes and a transfer plasmid carrying the transfer gene. By dividing the viral elements...it is recommended that you try a few different ratios of transfer, envelope, and packaging plasmids in...associated with producing and using lentivirus and offer some tips and tricks for overcoming these hurdles...transactivator, Tat. For more information on the different generations of lentiviral packaging systems please...Guide. While the third generation packaging systems offer an extra level of safety, they also require a fourth...encoding the structural elements, envelope, and transfer gene are transfected into a packaging cell line...titer. Importantly, optimized conditions for one transfer plasmid are not always the best for others. For...

  32. Educational Planarian Tools for Teaching Developmental Biology Techniques

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    May 24, 2018, 1:20 p.m.
    ... Evaluating Gene function by RNA interference (RNAi) RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool for performing... These smaller dsRNA fragments are referred to as small interfering RNAs (siRNA) and they bind to a class...genes. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) to knockdown expression of specific gene...morgani, and Phagocata gracillis. There are 11 different genes cloned into plasmids to investigate for ...WISH technique. The expression patterns of 11 different planarian genes (all of which are available through...one is working with, the protocol will slightly differ. For example, Girardia sp. and Dugesia dorotocephalacan...and if you make new plasmids for investigating different planarian genes, we encourage you to deposit them...

  33. Corralling and Cornering the Goldilocks Antibody

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Aug. 9, 2022, 1:15 p.m.
    ...fear of referencing a wrong section. The antibody screening and development of a focused reference bring...School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.  References and resources References Baker M. Reproducibility crisis: ...), variability (separate batches can perform differently – happens when the antibody is produced from ...a new set of animals), and wrong application (different experiments/conditions can change binding ability...off-target molecules), reliable (wouldn’t perform differently over time), compatible with the desired applications...and accuracy while screening. We also compare different clones of the same target to see if the results...with general non-specific binding. If the sample differs from the negative control, such as showing a very...

  34. Modulate the Activity of 17 Signaling Pathways with One Kit!

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    March 22, 2016, 2:30 p.m.
    ...frequently implicated in cancer cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and apoptosis. For each of these...controlling properties like growth, survival, and differentiation.” https://www.addgene.org/kits/sabatini-wood-cancer-pathway-orfs...cells one at a time, you could identify those that confer resistance to drugs,” in a rapid, straightforward.... “You could use it to screen for pathways that confer any phenotype of interest, not just drug resistance...morphological features, migration, or survival in different contexts.” It’s also possible you could make use...plasmids in living animals, to explore pathways that confer metastatic potential or the ability to survive ... sometimes drug screens and sometimes totally different experiments we never thought of - and that’s thrilling...

  35. Advice on Career Paths and the Green Card Process for International Researchers and Entrepreneurs

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Dec. 20, 2017, 2:33 p.m.
    ...the non-profit sector are transferrable to industry such as technology transfer, communications, medical...skills overtime for success. Many people will have different roles, titles, and responsibilities during their...candidate is ultimately looking for a role in a different functional area, then the research role could ...higher degree. These numerically limited visas are referred to as “cap” subject H-1Bs. The H-1B allows U.S...and therefore the academic H-1B visa cannot be transferred to an industry position. If you cannot get an...a foreign national to have an employer or a job offer in order to obtain permanent residence. The recently...your field. No employer is necessary and no job offer is needed for this category. To qualify, you need...

  36. Addgene's Cancer Collection Pages Connect the Research Community

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Sept. 6, 2016, 2:30 p.m.
    ...cellular proliferation. We have appreciated for some time the causes of this uncontrolled proliferation, in...normally encourage cell survival, growth and proliferation, while tumor suppressors perform the opposite...or, in the case of cancer, uncontrolled cell proliferation. Hence it is imperative to the health of an ...division. The combined effect is unregulated proliferation. Another safety net is our own immune system...cellular pathways involved in the development of different cancers and identifying the roles of key proteins...is the Ras pathway. The term “Ras” collectively refers to 3 proteins (H-Ras, K-Ras, and N-Ras) encoded...approaching the Ras problem by exploiting the different mutant versions of Ras that are most prevalent...

  37. A Guide to Getting Started in Undergrad Research

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 8, 2021, 1:15 p.m.
    ...presenting your research at conferences such as SACNAS and ABRCMS. These conferences have a lot of programming... recruiters will attend these conferences to answer questions and offer application fee waivers. One of...her on Twitter @EleanorWang.     References and resources References Canning EA, LaCosse J, Kroeper KM...neurodegenerative disease because they had close relatives suffering from similar diseases. Others were inspired by...proactive Rather than applying only to posted job offerings, the best research experiences typically come ... is a supportive environment—it makes all the difference in a lab experience. “Mentorship” was a bit of...interested in doing research and attending research conferences. The Barry Goldwater scholarship is also a national...

  38. The Effect of COVID-19 on Liu Lab Plasmid Requests From Addgene Data

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    July 16, 2020, 1:15 p.m.
    ...capture the fact that different parts of the world encountered COVID-19 at different times. Most notably...plasmid requests Figure 5: Inferred effects. Values are the inferred percentage of normal activity ...scientific fields could be different.  Conclusion Figure 7: Mean inferred effects by region. In...also eases the interpretation of the parameters we infer, since scientific productivity is better interpreted...regions. Each of these regions was affected at a different time by COVID-19, so we defined the COVID-19 event... day) on dates impacted by each effect. The inferred parameters suggest that COVID-19 induced a 2x–...Europe most impacted and China least impacted. The inferred weekend effect is, in retrospect, generally more...

  39. Plasmids 101: Secondary Nanobody Toolbox

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    Feb. 27, 2018, 2:04 p.m.
    ...primary antibodies raised in different species, or at least from different IgG subclasses, so that secondary...incubation of 1° and 2° Must use different species and/or different IgG subclasses of 1° for multi-color...limited cross-reactivity between different IgG subclasses and different species, nanobodies are useful ...Multiple polyclonal secondary IgGs can bind to different epitopes of a primary antibody. B) Each arm of...they don’t require using primary antibodies from different IgG subclasses. Instead, you can pre-incubate ...Once you know the answer to these two questions, refer to this table to find the right nanobody for your...come in 1x and/or a 3x cysteine varieties. This refers to the number of cysteine sites the nanobody has...

  40. Chemogenetics vs. Optogenetics: Which Method Should I Choose?

    Type
    Blog Post
    Published
    June 11, 2020, 1:34 p.m.
    ...serve similar purposes, both techniques offer researchers different advantages and limitations.  The four...factors in which chemogenetics and optogenetics differ are: Timing Targeted manipulation Controlling ...study. Figure 1: A schematic showing the differences in chemogenetics and optogenetics in a mouse ... light (optogenetics).   Timing Optogenetics offers a high degree of temporal resolution as receptors...neurons to repolarize faster.  Chemogenetics does not offer the same level of control over timing. Because chemogenetics...amounts of stimulation to receptors. Optogenetics offers better control over these factors as the light ...manipulated or turned off. In chemogenetics, while different concentrations of ligands can be injected, this...
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