...live across the country or around the world from each other are collaborating on projects. When I was ...experiments can get done and data analyzed between each meeting, but short enough that everyone stays on...meet. You and your collaborators should then hold each other accountable to these expectations once they...checking in about them at your recurring meetings and reaching out if any milestones are missed. Spend time in...think about having collaborators spend time with each other in person. One possibility is to do a lab ...lab exchange, where researchers spent time in each other’s labs. This is an opportunity for the researchers...researchers involved to learn techniques from each other, access specialized equipment, or ensure that techniques...

...experiment. Nucleic acid based machines Recombinase-based State Machines Enable Order-dependent Logic in... cell. These so-called recombinase-based state machines could potentially be used to report upon and/or...post to learn more about recombinase-based state machines and how they function. Adapting Toehold Switches...Cressy from the labs of Dr. Elke Mühlberger and Dr. Rachel Fearns at Boston University School of Medicine,... describes R-bodies, “force generating protein machines that can extend and retract over many microns ...you can better design your donor DNA template to achieve more efficient genome editing - all influenced ...

...more progress you will make in reaching them. Of course, you won’t reach all the goals you set, but the...bring more than their knowledge and teaching to help a Mentee reach goals. One of the most important contributions...relationships, so that you can reap rewards in the form of reaching career development goals. Check out Joanne's Reddit... adjust expectations, and record milestones in reaching goals. The more time and thought you put into ...being a Mentor: Learn other perspectives Develop coaching skills Encourage your creative thinking Enhance...

...with greater spatial and temporal control than is achieved by traditional pharmacologic methods. A number...covalently linked molecules (i.e. photoswitches) attached near the binding pocket of an engineered receptor...PORTLs use a similar concept, except the ligand is attached to a protein binding partner or nanobody that ...secondary signaling pathways with light. This is achieved by coupling endogenous signaling molecules with...the activation curves (Marshel et al., 2019) for each tool, and you may have to test and optimize the ...sources used to prevent activation of both tools with each light source used.   Channel and activation kinetics...it is important to understand the details of how each tool performs and the consequences of off-target...

... of each talk - time for free interaction and brainstorming. This could be achieved by asking each presenter...leadership, and inappropriate tools or writing approaches can lead to frustration, delay of publication... someone could raise their hands or signal the approach of a brain break, where everyone stands up, disappears...general chatter will be allowed with a different host each time that moderates conversations. This can help...social distancing. The take home message is the approaches/tools we have to foster creative collaboration...

... the topic at hand. Invite one “ambassador” from each affected team to be the representative in the meeting...standing team meetings, provide agenda sections for each person to add a bullet or two about what they are...many points as they like to the written agenda, but each only gets to address one point aloud. This keeps...separate section at the top of the agenda, and assign each one using group members’ initials. If appropriate...Consider whether you actually need a full hour to achieve the purpose of the meeting (see “defining the scope... and are able to provide more timely feedback on each other’s projects. For all-company meetings, monthly...still works best. Figure out what works for you for each of your meeting types (see above). We’ve provided...

...revolutionary physical approaches. However, with each new technical achievement, the complexity of the...disciplines. In biology, innovative new imaging approaches are constantly being developed which combine ...with the community are particularly successful. Machine-learning denoising of raw data (CARE), segmentation... greatly increases accessibility. Through this approach, the Planktoscope, a portable device for studying...and Deployment." bioRxiv. 2020. Diederich, B., Lachmann, R., Carlstedt, S. et al. A versatile and customizable...

...overview). Until recently, the approach has been hampered by the need to tag each protein of interest and, ...Proximity-dependent labeling has become a powerful approach for proteomic mapping in both cell culture and...provides researchers better flexibility and makes the approach more accessible, as it reduces the need to generate... barcodes for live cell clonal multiplexing by: Rachel Leeson Multiplexed images in live cells remains...multiplexing of cells in live imaging application. Each visual barcode consists of a fluorescent protein...four different fluorescent proteins, and inserting each visual barcode into its own subclone, they were ...

...this need in the community, we approached it in the way Addgene approaches everything; we asked ourselves...some of the people and organizations who helped us reach this milestone. Viral service supporters We would...from laboratories all over the world. With this reach and exposure in the community, we saw the opportunity...shipping systems and protocols for viral vectors to reach scientists around the world. Our Software Engineering...our systems for this new type of material. The Outreach Team is getting the word out about this new resource...preps derived from plasmids in the repository. The Outreach Team has been making sure scientists know about...

... any eligibility provision, don’t guess. Simply reach out to the program coordinator with your question...best to draft a cover letter that is customized for each internship. Lastly, have your resume and cover letter...statement.  4. Letters of recommendation wisdom  Reach out to 2-3 individuals in your professional circle...opportunity for themselves. This is ultimately the wrong approach. It is very likely you know individuals in your...cohort. This may sound counterintuitive since that approach seems to create competition for your own spot.... Pasteur These tips are a set of common sense approaches that will prepare you for the competitive landscape...Hospital of Braintree. Rose is passionate about outreach among low-income communities to educate parents...

... of each other. That is, multiple independent variables are assumed to not have any effect on each other...variables are affecting each other – or if you think they may be affecting each other – then a MANCOVA ...variance, data ranges. how closely data points fall to each other (see Fig. 1). Alpha values – numerical ... if only two of those samples are different from each other, or if every permutation of pairs within the...null hypotheses. Benjamini uses a complementary approach which identifies a p value cut off. This method...Duncan’s multiple range test, and several others. Each test has different likelihoods of returning false...

...ions crosses the cell membrane, a threshold is reached and the neuron fires, sending the electrical signal...specificity far greater than the one that can be achieved using pharmacological or electrophysiological ...., 2016; Hudry and Vandenberghe, 2019). How to achieve strong opsin expression in specific neuronal cell...expression in vivo (Schnütgen et al., 2003). This is achieved through site-specific recombinases such as Cre...expression in specific neuronal cells? This can be achieved using Cre-dependent viruses, such as the optogenetic...love for educational science led her to pursue a teaching career, and she now is a very happy scientific...Philippe Coulon, and Ilka Diester. "Optogenetic approaches to study the mammalian brain." Current opinion...

...including difficult-to-manipulate primary cells, achieving knockdown within 1-2 hr of reagent delivery. TRIM-Away... sometimes incorporating chemically inducible approaches to provide temporal control, this new system,...Epigenome editing by Cas9 (FIRE–Cas9), combines these approaches to enable rapid and reversible recruitment of...target multiple loci at once. In addition, the approach allows minute-by-minute analysis of the kinetics...transcription factor as well as reporters specific to each transcription factor. They then induced cultures...induction via estradiol and progesterone do not affect each other, these systems can be used together. Aranda-Diaz... gene expression regimes that cannot be easily achieved with classical gene overexpression and knockout...

...thanks to our guest bloggers Joachim Goedhart and Marieke Mastop! Joachim Goedhart is an assistant professor...This post was contributed by guest bloggers Joachim Goedhart and Marieke Mastop from the Section of Molecular...two posts in this series described a practical approach to selecting a bright fluorescent protein and ...homodimerization is characterized by an affinity of 110 µM (Zacharias et al, 2002), meaning that at this concentration...cells. To understand how well fluorescent proteins approach this ideal situation, cellular assays have been...fluorescent probes. You can follow him on twitter: @joachimgoedhart.   Marieke Mastop is a PhD candidate at the...

... Arnold’s lab and Viviana Gradinaru’s lab used machine learning to design new channelrhodopsins that are...channelrhodopsin that’s successful in vivo. Using machine-learning to overcome channelrhodopsin design challenges...challenges, the Arnold and Gradinaru Labs developed a machine-learning model to help them construct “designer...packaged in PHP.eB, ChRgers and ChR2(H134R) both reach the brain, but individual neurons do not express... mice. A fiber-optic cable allows blue light to reach the brain. Created with BioRender.com. In the...implanted into the mice’s brains so that light could reach the VTA. Mice were then allowed to “self-stimulate...Robinson JE, Mackey ED, Gradinaru V, Arnold FH (2019) Machine learning-guided channelrhodopsin engineering enables...

... identical in sequence to the unmodified enzyme. Each half of the base editor is fused to a fast-splicing...GFP. The lab tested the base editors in vivo and achieved therapeutically relevant editing efficiencies ...heart, and skeletal muscle. The dosing required to achieve these efficiencies was also between 1013 - 1014...organisms such as E. coli and yeast. Because this approach uses standardized parts, it allows for greater...controlled by red light by splitting Cre and fusing each half with PhyB or PIF6, phytochrome-like fusion ...prosthetic group PCB, PhyB and PIF6 dimerize, bringing each terminus of Cre together to restore Cre activity...fluorescent proteins controlled by Cre recombination. Each cell can have multiple copies of the transgene that...

...need for low-cost, field-based diagnostics, our approach could make an impact. Our motivation was underscored.... We also were careful to set up clear tasks for each member of the team to accomplish so that many elements...expertise of the group and yet never hesitated to reach out to the greater research community when we needed...involved in the effort. This inclusive and open approach by all involved definitely contributed to our ...). Using toehold switch-based RNA sensors, our approach uses portions of the pathogen’s genome as unique...portable quantification of diagnostic results.  Our approach now detects samples at clinically relevant concentrations...longer-term aim is to advance our programmable approach to other critical needs and to further develop...

...resistance is upon us, and the world is unprepared. Each year in the United States, two million people will...to combat antibiotic resistance using multiple approaches. Major restaurant chains including Chipotle and...bacteria have poor non-homologous end joining machinery, so a CRISPR-induced double-stranded break (DSB...is efficient delivery, as the antimicrobial must reach essentially every cell or else small pools of antibiotic...into the bacterial genome, and it carries CRISPR machinery targeting 1) the given resistance gene and 2) ...with the caveat that phages are very diverse, and each phage has a narrow bacterial host range. To further...Ando et al. recently engineered synthetic phages, each based on the well-studied T7 phage, to target various...

...process termed hydrodynamic focusing. This allows each cell to pass through the path of the laser in single-file...fluorescent light sources. Visible light illuminates each cell as it passes through and scatters in different...to a voltage pulse, called an event, and assigns each event to a channel number based on intensity. Higher...experiment uses 2 or 3 different fluorescent colors each measuring a different target. Flow cytometers however...stain the intracellular target. When using this approach, avoid fixation-sensitive fluorochromes such as...charged as they pass through a metal deflection plate. Each droplet contains a single cell that is assessed ...collection vessels and can sort single cells into each well allowing users to easily isolate and subsequently...

... that many researchers were having difficulty achieving indel formation (gene disruption) with this new...used by respondents (transfection method, amount of each component per transfection etc.). Take Pooran's ...most of the respondents have been struggling to achieve genome editing with NgAgo, this does not mean the...successful indel generation and epitope knockin was achieved by a few respondents suggesting that NgAgo can...most of the researchers surveyed here could not achieve indels with the NgAgo system indicates that it ...which might be rapidly degraded by the cellular machinery, leaving a small amount of active NgAgo/ssDNA ... cell. As proposed in the original article, to achieve greater efficacy, researchers will have to carry...