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TypeCollection...Viral Plasmids γ-Retroviral Plasmids γ-Retroviral Plasmids Additional Resources: γ-Retrovirus Guide Biosafety...discuss retrovirus, they typically are referring to a subset of retroviruses called γ-retroviruses. γ-Retroviruses...FAQ) about retrovirus Popular γ-Retrovirus Envelope and Packaging Plasmids Common γ-retroviral envelope ...Popular γ-Retroviral Transfer Plasmids Common γ-retroviral transfer plasmids. Want a retroviral plasmid ...AAV Plasmids Viral Vectors 101 eBook γ-Retrovirus (gamma-retrovirus) is an RNA virus comprised of its genome...mutagenesis). Read our γ-Retrovirus Guide for more information about: γ-Retroviral packaging systems Frequently...MSCV Retroviral construct for miRNA expression Chen 52114 pMSCV-IRES-mCherry FP MSCV A bicistronic IRES-mCherry...
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Control AAV Preps
TypeCollection...Packaging Service AAV Controls Viral Vector Packaging Service: Control AAV Browse our control AAV that express...options. Browse all Control AAV *AAVrg = retrograde serotype, produced with the AAV retro helper plasmid from... select plasmids in the repository. Browse our control AAV collection, including fluorescent proteins,...Serotype AAV1 AAV2 AAV5 AAV6 AAV8 AAV9 AAVrh10 AAV11 Retrograde AAV PHP.eB PHP.S PHP.V1 CAP-B10 CAP-B22 MaCPNS1... from the Karpova and Schaffer labs. See the Retrograde AAV Inventory Page . Don’t See What You’re Looking... -
Retrograde AAV viral preps
TypeCollection...Ready-to-use retrograde AAV available from Addgene's viral service. Retrograde construct from Alla Karpova...Packaging Service AAV Retrograde AAV Viral Vector Packaging Service: Retrograde AAV As part of our Viral... the rAAV2-retro helper plasmid (Addgene #81070) . This serotype permits robust retrograde access and ...viral catalog items. Browse Available Retrograde AAV See our retrograde AAV based on the functional catagories...-GFP CAG GFP Control Boyden 51502 AAV pCAG-FLEX-EGFP-WPRE CAG EGFP, Cre-dependent Control Zeng 50465 pAAV-hSyn-EGFP...pAAV-hSyn-EGFP Syn EGFP Control Roth 50469 pAAV-CaMKIIa-EGFP CamKII EGFP Control Roth 114472 pAAV-hSyn-...pAAV-hSyn-mCherry Syn mCherry Control Deisseroth 114469 pAAV-CaMKIIa-mCherry CamKII mCherry Control Deisseroth 50459... -
The Pleiades Promoter Project
TypeCollection...CARTPT pEMS1492 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple22 CCKBR pEMS1493 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple23 CCKBR pEMS1494 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple24...CCKBR pEMS1495 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple25 CCKBR pEMS1496 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple26 CCL27 pEMS1497 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple27...CCL27 pEMS1498 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple28 CCL27 pEMS1499 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple29 CCL27 pEMS1500 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple30...CLDN5 pEMS1504 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple34 CLDN5 pEMS1505 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple35 CLDN5 pEMS1506 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple36...ICMT pEMS1593 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple123 ICMT pEMS1594 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple124 ICMT pEMS1595 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple125... pEMS1597 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple129 MKI67 pEMS1600 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple131 MKI67 pEMS1602 intron-lacZ/NLS ...pEMS1650 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple179 RLBP1L2 pEMS1651 intron-lacZ/NLS Ple180 RLBP1L2 pEMS1652 intron-lacZ/NLS... -
Brain Initiative Collection
TypeCollection...in forebrain GABA-ergic interneurons under the control of the hDlx enhancer element Gordon Fishell 83894...in forebrain GABA-ergic interneurons under the control of the hDlx enhancer element Gordon Fishell 83895... -
Caltech Systemic Capsids
TypeCollection...undergo quality control, including AAV titering by probe-based droplet digital PCR, in vitro and (when possible...#103005) . Note on PHP.eB tropism and specific mouse lines: Enhanced CNS tropism exhibited by the PHP.eB...Description Category PI Controls 28306 pAAV-FLEX-tdTomato CAG tdTomato, Cre-dependent Control Boyden 37825 pAAV-CAG-GFP...pAAV-CAG-GFP CAG GFP Control Boyden 50465 pAAV-hSyn-EGFP hSyn EGFP Control Roth 50469 pAAV-CaMKIIa-EGFP...pAAV-CaMKIIa-EGFP CamKIIa EGFP Control Roth 59462 pAAV-CAG-tdTomato CAG tdTomato Control Boyden 83900 pAAV-mDlx-GFP-Fishell...-Fishell-1 Dlx GFP Control Fishell 99130 pAAV-mDlx-NLS-mRuby2 Dlx mRuby2 Control Gradinaru 104055 pAAV-CAG-eYFP...pAAV-CAG-eYFP CAG EYFP Control Gradinaru 104061 CAG-NLS-GFP CAG NLS-GFP Control Gradinaru 105530 pAAV.CMV.PI.EGFP.WPRE.bGH... -
Penn Vector Core Partnership with Addgene
TypeCollection...pAAV-Ef1a-DIO EYFP Control Karl Deisseroth AV-1-ALL854 51502-AAV1 AAV pCAG-FLEX-EGFP-WPRE Control Hongkui Zeng....LacZ.bGH Control James M. Wilson AV-1-PV0105 105532-AAV1 pAAV.CMV.ffLuciferase.SV40 Control James M. ...eGFP.WPRE.rBG Control James M. Wilson AV-1-PV1963 105542-AAV1 pENN.AAV.CB7.CI.eGFP.WPRE.rBG Control James M....pENN.AAV.CMVs.TurboRFP.WPRE.RBG Control James M. Wilson AV-1-PV2642 105552-AAV1 pENN.AAV.hSyn.TurboRFP.WPRE.RBG Control James M...eYFP.WPRE.hGH Control Karl Deisseroth AV-1-PV3248 105557-AAV1 pENN.AAV.CB7.CI.mCerulean.WPRE.RBG Control James....SV40 Control Loren Looger AV-1-PV3661 98927-AAV1 pENN.AAV.CAG.Flex.GFPsm_myc.WPRE.SV40 Control Loren ....EGFP.WPRE.bGH Control James M. Wilson AV-2-27056 27056-AAV2 pAAV-Ef1a-DIO EYFP Control Karl Deisseroth... -
Plasmids for Stem Cell Research
TypeCollection...Single polycistronic lentiviral vector for the expression of human Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4 Polycistronic lentiviral...Minicircle Human Non-integrating mini-intronic plasmid (MIP) polycistronic expression of human Oct4, Klf4, ...MMLV-derived Retrovirus Human Yamanaka factors for generating human iPS cells; retroviral expression of...MMLV-derived Retrovirus Mouse Original set of Yamanaka factors for generating mouse iPS cells; retroviral expression...30. Zhou Astrocytes Dopaminergic Neurons Lentiviral Human Efficient conversion of astrocytes to functional...Fibroblasts Astrocytes Lentiviral Mouse Direct conversion of fibroblasts into functional astrocytes by defined...27(5):1042-9. Townes Lentivirus Human Single polycistronic lentiviral vector for the expression of human... -
New England Biolabs Cell-Imaging Plasmid Collection
TypeCollection...pSNAPf-Cox8A Control Plasmid SNAP-tag Control for mitochondrial localization 101124 pSNAPf-H2B Control Plasmid...SNAP-tag Control for nuclear localization 101123 pSNAPf-ADRβ2 Control Plasmid SNAP-tag Control for cell...pCLIPf-H2B Control Plasmid CLIP-tag Control for nuclear localization 101130 pCLIPf-Cox8A Control Plasmid ...CLIP-tag Control for mitochondrial localization 101125 pCLIPf-NK1R Control Plasmid CLIP-tag Control for cell...pMCP-GPI Control Plasmid ACP/MCP-tag Control for cell surface localization 101131 pACP-GPI Control Plasmid...-tag Control for cell surface localization 101128 pACP-ADRβ2 Control Plasmid ACP/MCP-tag Control for cell...mammalian expression 101133 pSNAP-CaaX Control Plasmid SNAP-tag Control for endomembrane (CaaX box) localization... -
Antibody Guide
TypeCollection...negative control. The negative control may be a no-antibody control in which a sample is processed without ...standard curve can serve as the positive control); and a negative control, a sample known not to contain your...interest. The negative control should be biological (no protein expressed), which controls for your antibody...fragmentation of the DNA. Controls for capture methods Capture methods should use a positive control and a negative...addition to the control used in standard IP, ChIP should additionally use a beads-only control which runs ...the machine. Controls for cell sorting methods Flow cytometry requires a negative control, a small subset...animal’s immune system. The antigen of interest is introduced to the animal, which then mounts an immune response... -
Tetracycline Inducible Expression
TypeCollection...Cre recombinase. Takuji Iwasato 63704 pRetroX GFP T2A Cre Retroviral vector for dox-inducible expression...and repressible promoters are powerful tools to control gene expression and study biological targets. The...popular choices for rapid, efficient, and reversible control of gene expression in eukaryotes. To avoid secondary... While TetR and tet O could be a basic tool to control gene expression, the system has been engineered... TRE: Tet response element; tTA: tetracycline-controlled transactivator (fusion of TetR with VP16 transcriptional...activation domain); rtTA: reverse tetracycline-controlled transactivator (fusion of mutated TetR with VP16...advance was the Tet-Off system. A tetracycline-controlled transactivator (tTA) was created by fusing TetR... -
Fluorescent Protein Guide: Biosensors
TypeCollection...Calcium sensor in astrocytes (GCaMP6f), cytosolic Conditions and constraints for astrocyte calcium signaling... inverse fluorescent biosensor for citrate (Citron/Citroff), mitochondrial or cytosolic High-Performance...proteins. Genetically encoded biosensors can be introduced into cells, tissues, or organisms for long-term... with different binding affinities or negative-control constructs used to characterize the sensor's behavior...differ from the original characterization (e.g. in vitro vs. in vivo, cytoplasmic vs. extracellular vs. organelle-localized...295-300. Douglas Kim , GENIE Project Calcium Bicistronic vector expressing GCaMP6 and mRuby2 for imaging... GCaMP6f in PV cortical interneurons under the control of the E2 regulatory element Viral manipulation... -
Viral Production
TypeCollection...Production Titer Quality Control Resources Lentivirus Production Titer Quality Control Resources Overview of...subunit (RPP30) as a control for normalization purposes are being used. Quality Control Mycoplasma The 293T...Addgene's viral production methods and quality control for lentivirus and AAV. Viral...virus preps are titered and subjected to quality control by Addgene before being distributed to customers...production protocols, titering methods, and quality control are described below. AAV Production AAV distributed...probes targeting the ITR elements and an internal control of known titer (protocol modified from Lock et ...performed by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Quality Control Addgene ensures high quality viral vectors by optimizing... -
Immunology Research Plasmids and Resources
TypeCollection...murine) ecotropic retroviral transforming sequence C-CBL, CBL2, RNF55 CBLB Cas-Br-M (murine) ecotropic retroviral...TSHA CGB chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide CGB3, hCGB CGB1 chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide... 1 - CGB2 chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 2 - CGB5 chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 5...chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 7 CG-beta-a, FLJ35403, FLJ43118 CGB8 chorionic gonadotropin, beta... CKLFSF8-V2 CNTF ciliary neurotrophic factor HCNTF CNTFR ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor MGC1774 ...14, CST-17, CST-29 CRH corticotropin releasing hormone CRF CRHR1 corticotropin releasing hormone receptor...CSH2 chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 2 CS-2, CSB, hCS-B CSHL1 chorionic somatomammotropin hormone-like... -
Genetic Code Expansion
TypeCollection...Badran 212125 pBK-Ma pylRS nitroY/haloY-F5 PylRS M. alvus 3-nitrotyrosine (3-nitro-Y), 3-halotyrosine (3-halo-Y...synthetases are introduced into the cell on plasmids and the new amino acid is introduced in the media. ...Mehl 85498 pDule-3-nitroTyrosine (5B) 3NY (5B) synthetase M. jannaschii 3-nitroTyrosine Bacterial TAG Ryan...Mehl 85499 pDule2-3-nitroTyrosine (5B) 3NY (5B) synthetase M. jannaschii 3-nitroTyrosine Bacterial TAG Ryan...Chin 174078 pDule-3-nitroTyrosine (A7) 3NY (A7) synthetase M. jannaschii 3-nitroTyrosine Bacterial TAG Ryan... 174079 pDule2-3-nitroTyrosine (A7) 3NY (A7) synthetase M. jannaschii 3-nitroTyrosine Bacterial TAG Ryan...cognate charged tRNA. Once these plasmids have been introduced in the cells, the non-canonical amino acid can... -
Lentivirus Plasmids
TypeCollection...transfer plasmids Trono 12259 pMD2.G N/A Envelope VSV-G-expressing envelope plasmid Trono 8454 pCMV-VSV-G...1a-driven GFP and shRNA under the control of a tet-responsive H1 promoter Trono 11651 pLVUT-tTR-KRAB 3rd Inducible...transgene expression, contains intron that gives you high expression. Trono 12254 pWPI 2nd EF-1alpha driven... Transfer Plasmids Lentiviruses, a subset of retroviruses, are some of the most common and useful types...plasmids along with additional packaging components Trono 63586 psPAX2-D64V 2nd Packaging For making Integrase...transfer plasmids along with a plasmid encoding Rev Trono 12260 psPAX2 2nd Packaging Contains Gag, Pol, Rev...used with 2nd and 3rd generation transfer plasmids Trono 12263 pCMV delta R8.2 2nd Packaging Contains Gag... -
Biosensor AAV Preps
TypeCollection...Boyden Voltage Reporter: Voltron 119036 pAAV-hsyn-flex-Voltron-ST Syn Voltron-ST none Cre dependent 1 ...filtering options. *AAVrg = retrograde serotype, produced with the AAV retro helper plasmid from the Karpova...proteins, including calcium sensors, under the control of various promoters. Sensor Green Calcium Sensors...Oxytocin (OT) Sensors GRAB_OT Voltage Sensors Archon Voltron JEDI-2P ATP Sensors iATPSnFR2 5-HT Sensors GRAB... dependent) Serotype AAV1 AAV2 AAV5 AAV8 AAV9 Retrograde AAV PHPeB Clear Filters ID Name Promoter Sensor...pAAV-hSynapsin1-axon-GCaMP6s-P2A-mRuby3 Syn axon-GCaMP6s bicistronic mRuby3 Constitutive 5, 9 Tian 112010 pAAV-hSynapsin1... 140555 pAAV-hsyn-GRAB_DA-mut Syn GRAB_DA-mut (control) none Constitutive 9 Li 140556 pAAV-hsyn-GRAB_rDA1m... -
Luciferase Plasmid Collection
TypeCollection...regions controlling transcription Debrya Groskreutz 18760 MSCV IRES Luciferase Firefly Retroviral expression...contain introns Anthony Leung Return to Top Expression Constructs Luciferase driven by a strong constitutive...luciferase gene fusions. Renilla luciferase under the control of a CMV promoter is present for normalization ...RapidResponse™ Renilla Vector for investigating regions controlling transcription Pete Stecha 212933 pGL4.82(hRluc...Puro) Renilla Vector for investigating regions controlling transcription Pete Stecha 106292 pLS-SV40-mP-...fusions in plants. Renilla luciferase under the control of a CMV promoter is present for normalization....reporter reporter vector allowing the study of biscistronic promoters. Daniel Christophe 119760 pSGDlucV3.0... -
Lentiviral Prep Service
TypeCollection...CRISPR Libraries Cas9 Pooled Barcoding Libraries Control Addgene's lentiviruses are made from plasmids that...76,441 unique sgRNAs along with 1000 non-targeting controls. This backbone does not contain SpCas9. 76,441...,114 human genes along with 1000 non-targeting controls Puromycin Doench , Root 73179 Human gRNA pooled...76,441 unique sgRNAs along with 1000 non-targeting controls. This backbone contains SpCas9. SpCas9 and 76,...,114 human genes along with 1000 non-targeting controls Puromycin Doench , Root Human activation pooled...57,050 unique sgRNAs along with 500 non-targeting controls. This backbone does not contain dCas9. 57,050 ...18,901 human genes along with 500 non-targeting controls Puromycin Doench , Root 92386 Human CRISPR inhibition... -
Antibody Production
TypeCollection... undergo stringent quality control by Addgene or a trusted quality control partner before distribution...are initially titered by spectrophotometry using a NanoDrop spectrophotometer. If needed, the sample is...Addgene's antibody production methods and quality control processes for purified recombinant antibodies. ...production protocols, titering methods, and quality control are described below. Information for a specific...samples with >90% purity are distributed. Quality Control Each lot of antibody undergoes testing, either ...fluorescence pattern is compared to an untransfected control. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Tissue sections are...Protein expression is compared to an untransfected control and the protein size is confirmed. Residual Plasmid... -
AAV Packaged on Request
TypeCollection...facilitation, DNA amplification, and high-quality quality control measures such as titering, purity assessment, sterility...is used in a wide range of experiments, both in vitro and in vivo. It has low immunogenicity, is easy ...centrifugation purification Addgene’s comprehensive quality control process: Titering Purity assessment Sterility testing...produce the prep, and perform comprehensive quality control processes to make sure it is ready for your experiments...your AAV vector experience, from methods to troubleshooting insights, you make research more reproducible...gap between published methods and real-world troubleshooting. Eligible Plasmids The following plasmids are...including purification, titration, and quality control measures. We have distributed preps around the ... -
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) Plasmids
TypeCollection...81070 rAAV2-retro helper AAV retrograde AAV packaging plasmid, expressing Rep2 and retrograde capsid Alla...non-standard), expressing Rep2 and PHP.eB Cap controlled by tTA-TRE amplification system Viviana Gradinaru...(non-standard), expressing Rep2 and PHP.S Cap controlled by tTA-TRE amplification system Viviana Gradinaru...non-standard), expressing Rep2 and PHP.V1 Cap controlled by tTA-TRE amplification system Viviana Gradinaru...plasmid (non-standard), expressing Rep2 and B10 Cap controlled by tTA-TRE amplification system Viviana Gradinaru...plasmid (non-standard), expressing Rep2 and B22 Cap controlled by tTA-TRE amplification system Viviana Gradinaru...non-standard), expressing Rep2 and MaCPNS1 Cap controlled by tTA-TRE amplification system Viviana Gradinaru... -
Fluorescent Protein Guide: FRET
TypeCollection...given donor-acceptor pair, the FRET efficiency strongly depends on the distance between the donor and ...linker-Cerulean-5aa linker-Venus-6aa linker-Venus V5V Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of two Venus fluorescent...proteins connected via a 5 amino acid linker V17V Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of two Venus fluorescent...proteins connected via a 17 amino acid linker V32V Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of two Venus fluorescent...proteins connected via a 32 amino acid linker VVV Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of three Venus... 5 and 6 amino acid linker, respectively VVVV Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of four Venus ...5 and 6 amino acid linker, respectively VVVVV Anisotropy/brightness standard consisting of five Venus ... -
Bacterial Expression Systems
TypeCollection...visualization, study of protein interactions, controlled gene expression, reporter plasmids and genome...Purification Protein Visualization Protein Interactions Controlled Expression Reporter Plasmids Genome Engineering...arrays of zinc finger nucleases. Addgene Blog Introduction to FRET Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation...Studying Protein–Protein Interactions Return to top Controlled Expression It isn’t always advantageous to constitutively...stationary phase. In these cases, you may want to control protein levels or to turn on expression only at...contains plasmids whose expression levels can be controlled by a variety of small molecules, light, and temperature...C) Escherichia coli Yingfeng An Other Addgene Controlled Expression Resources Check out our Tetracycline... -
Cre-Lox and Other Site-Specific Recombinases
TypeCollection...systems, how to use them to modify the genome or control gene expression, and find plasmids for your experiments...engineering tools used to precisely manipulate DNA and control the expression of specific genes in cells or organisms...recombinases can be used to modify the genome or control gene expression or skip ahead to browse highlighted...Summary of Cre, Dre, and Flp Recognition Sites. Controlling Recombinase Expression By expressing the enzyme...promoters or inducible systems, you can precisely control and optimize expression of your gene of interest...fused to a ligand-binding domain such as the human estrogen receptor (ERT2) so that the enzyme is only activated... and C-terminal fragments and placed under the control of different promoters. Expression of both fragments... -
Viral Vectors
TypeCollection...expression. γ-Retrovirus Plasmids | Guide γ-retroviruses, commonly referred to as retroviruses, are the most...integration. Community Resources Nolan Lab Retroviral Systems Trono Lab Lentivector Toolbox Guide to Generating...Adenoviruses are commonly used as vaccines because of the strong immunogenic response they induce. Some (oncolytic...this infectivity is limited to dividing cells. Retroviruses integrate permanently into the host genome, ...virus (as happens in nature), researchers can introduce plasmids to a host to generate virus. Furthermore...DNA >8 Kb 105 Dividing/Non-dividing No High γ-Retrovirus Stable RNA <8 Kb 80-130 Dividing Yes Moderate... -
Deisseroth INTRSECT Collection
TypeCollection...Image from Fenno et al., 2014. INTRSECT INTRSECT (intronic recombinase sites enabling combinatorial targeting...and Flp) recognition sequences within synthetic introns. INTRSECT was first shown as a proof-of-concept...transgenic recombinase-expressing animal lines and retro-grade expressing viruses delivering additional recombinases.... Figure 2: INTRSECT works by inserting short, intronic sequences into the open reading frame (ORF) of...sequences (e.g. Lox sites, FRT sites) inside of the introns (A,D). The addition of these recombinase recognition...recognition sequences enables directional control of the portion of the ORF that is sandwiched between the... combinations of recombinases are present, the introns are excised during mRNA processing, producing a... -
CRISPR Guide
TypeCollection...provide a basic understanding of CRISPR biology, introduce the various applications of CRISPR, and help you...research. CRISPR Basics In this section, we will introduce the basic mechanisms of CRISPR and some of the...increase nuclease fidelity SpCas9-NG - NG; increase in vitro activity SpG - NGN; increase nuclease activity SpRY...-occurring Acr (Anti-CRISPR) proteins can help control CRISPR activity. Acr proteins have evolved in phages...LmoCas9 and SpCas9. Acr proteins can be used to control both when and where genome editing happens. CASANOVA...Dominik Niopek’s lab , is a way to optogenetically control genome editing by fusing the anti-CRISPR protein...photosensitive LOV2 domain . Several labs have also controlled Acr activity with endogenous cell-type specific... -
Serotype Testing AAV
TypeCollection...Ready-to-use AAV available from Addgene's viral service. Control EGFP vectors in various serotypes for serotype ... AAV2, AAV5, AAV6, AAV8, AAV9, AAV11, and AAV retrograde....fluorescent reporters and can be used to compare the tropism of different serotypes. In addition to the standard...list of all 100 µL sized sample, please see our Control AAV Inventory . The catalog ID for the 20 µL sized... catalog item, including the titer and quality control, visit the material page (linked for each catalog...AAV11 37825-AAV11.T 20 µL $ 150 Add to Cart AAV Retrograde 37825-AAVrg.T 20 µL $ 150 Add to Cart pAAV-hSyn-EGFP... -
CRISPR Plasmids - Drosophila
TypeCollection... Cut Fully functional CRISPR/Cas enzymes will introduce a double-strand break (DSB) at a specific location...frameshifts, creating loss of function alleles. To introduce specific genomic changes, researchers use ssDNA...PI Publication Nick CRISPR/Cas nickase mutants introduce gRNA-targeted single-strand breaks in DNA instead...mutants can also be used with a repair template to introduce specific edits via homology-directed repair (HDR...49410 pCFD3-dU6:3gRNA dU6:3 BbsI Injection or in vitro transcription Virmilion none, need Cas9 plasmid ...3tandemgRNAs dU6:1 and dU6:3 BbsI Injection or in vitro transcription Virmilion none, need Cas9 plasmid ...49408 pCFD1-dU6:1gRNA dU6:1 BbsI Injection or in vitro transcription Virmilion none, need Cas9 plasmid ...