...Neuromodulators like dopamine and norepinephrine have important functions in the brain but have been ... activity. In 2019, the first generation of norepinephrine sensors was developed, named GRABNE, which ...which helped researchers visualize norepinephrine (Feng et al., 2019). But this first generation of tools ...limitations by developing and depositing two new norepinephrine indicators: nLightG and nLightR (Kagiampaki...indicators are more sensitive to and selective for norepinephrine and faster to respond than GRABNE. While GRABNE... provide inhibitory feedback in response to norepinephrine release, and clinically-used drugs targeting...major advantages of this next generation of norepinephrine sensors is their speed. nLightG is activated...

...for use with the bacterial Cas9 constructs 46910 pHR-SFFV-dCas9-BFP Human expression vector containing..., dCas9 that is fused to 2x NLS and tagBFP 46911 pHR-SFFV-dCas9-BFP-KRAB Human expression vector containing...

...Stephen Royle 101223 pHR-FUSN-mCh-Cry2WT FUS SFFV ALS Clifford Brangwynne 101224 pHR-FUSN-mCh-Cry2olig FUS...122148 M23: pHR-SFFVp-FUSN::mCherry::SspB FUS mCherry SFFV ALS Clifford Brangwynne 122441 pHR-FUSN-miRFP670...Zhang 145269 pHR-TBP(38Q)-IDR-mCherry-Cry2-NLS TBP SFFV Parkinson's Denes Hnisz 145270 pHR-TBP(53Q)-IDR-mCherry-Cry2... FUS SFFV ALS Clifford Brangwynne 101226 pHR-HNRNPA1C-mCh-Cry2WT HNRNPA1 SFFV ALS Clifford Brangwynne ...miRFP670 SFFV ALS Clifford Brangwynne 122668 M30: pHR-SFFVp- HNRNPA1C::mCherry::SspB HNRNPA1 mCherry SFFV...SFFV ALS Clifford Brangwynne 122669 M31: pHR-SFFVp- TDP-43C::mCherry::SspB TARDBP mCherry SFFV ALS Clifford...

...CIB1 to control transcription effectors OPTOSTIM PHR domain2 of cryptochrome 2 (Cry2) from Arabidopsis...Increased photocurrent amplitude Examples: eNpHR, eNpHR2.0, eNpHR3.0 Red-shifted peak action spectra Example...pharaonis , used to silence neuronal activity 589 eNpHR 3.0 NpHR with addition of trafficking signal from Kir2.1... halobacteria. Wild-type halorhodopsin, known as NpHR (from Natronomonas pharaoni ), causes hyperpolarization...yellow light, thus inhibiting function of the neuron. NpHR Variants. Variants have been engineered with enhancements...Shark), used to silence neuronal activity 632 Halo/NpHR Light-driven inward chloride pump from Natronomonas...

...12238 pLOX-CW-CRE Cre CMV Lentiviral Trono 12265 pHR-CMV-nlsCRE Cre CMV Lentiviral Trono 12493 p259 pCMV-CRE-M...

...BioRender.com. Base Light Source Condenser and Diaphragm Stage Objective Lenses Focus Knobs (Fine and Coarse...by a) adjusting the aperture of the condenser diaphragm to limit the amount of light hitting the sample...the eyepiece comfortably. Then, close down the diaphragm and use the coarse focus adjustment knob (the ...in your field of view and then slowly open the diaphragm until the edges are just out of view. Pro-Tip ... the power of the light source by opening the diaphragm so that you can easily see your sample. Then use...

...De-jargonizer.   Academic Phrasebank  The Academic Phrasebank is a resource for phrases commonly used in research...introduction, methods, results; or phrases are categorized by the goal of the phrase, such as being cautious, being... being critical, or defining terms. The phrases in Phrasebank are generic, so they need to be edited to...research papers or dissertations. Phrases are categorized either based on the section of a manuscript they...

...high spatiotemporal measurements of norepinephrine. These norepinephrine sensors include GRAB_NE1h (high ...from recent months: New GPCR activation-based norepinephrine (GRABNE) sensors allow for sensitive and high...

...and triggering release of the stress hormone norepinephrine to promote vigilance. A recent study investigated...those neurons are chemogenetically activated, norepinephrine release causes a freezing response, a form ...associated with psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. In both diseases, animals...

...activator - the CRY2 photolyase homology region (CRY2PHR) fused to a transcriptional activator domain (VP64...as directed by the guide RNA (gRNA), while the CRY2PHR-activator fusion floats freely, depicted in the...performing combination was NLS-dCas9-trCIB1 and NLSx3-CRYPHR-p65 - it had the lowest background activity in ...

... is said to be hyperpolarized. The chloride pump NpHR brings in negative chloride ions which hyperpolarize... have shown that some channels, such as ChR2 and NpHR, can even be expressed simultaneously and still ...

...pAAV-Ef1a-fDIO-GCaMP6s Neurotransmitter sensors: Dopamine and norepinephrine Neuroscience research relies on accurate monitoring...measurements of dopamine (113049, 113050) or norepinephrine (123308). The two dopamine sensors offer different...

...(Pyrophorus plagiophthalmus), railroad worm (Phrixothrix hirtus), and a variety of marine crustaceans....544-593 64 Luciferin ATP No Railroad worms(Phrixothrix hirtus) 630 64 Luciferin ATP No Common uses...

...of matches: exact words, partial words, phrases, partial phrases, or numerical identifiers. We also combine...

... an AAV vector to express ChR2(H134R) in A2 norepinephrine expressing neurons. We tested four serotypes...dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH, magenta) to label norepinephrine (NE) expressing neurons and GFP (green) to ...

...Labeling in the Phrenic Motor System of Adult Rats: Intrapleural Injection versus Intradiaphragmatic Injection...

... floxed-eNpHR-EYFP-WPRE-pA EF1a eNpHR EYFP Cre dependent 9 Deisseroth 26966 AAV-Ef1a-DIO eNpHR 3.0-EYFP...CaMKII eNpHR 3.0 EYFP Constitutive 1, 9 Deisseroth 26972 pAAV-hSyn-eNpHR 3.0-EYFP Syn eNpHR 3.0 EYFP Constitutive...pAAV-nEF-NpHR3.3-EYFP nEF NpHR 3.3 EYFP Constitutive 8 Deisseroth 137152 pAAV-nEF-Con/Fon-NpHR3.3-EYFP nEF...EYFP EF1a eNpHR 3.0 EYFP Cre dependent 1, 5, 9, rg* Deisseroth 26971 pAAV-CaMKIIa-eNpHR 3.0-EYFP CaMKII... nEF NpHR 3.3 EYFP Cre and Flp dependent 8 Deisseroth 137153 pAAV-nEF-Con/Foff 2.0-NpHR3.3-EYFP nEF NpHR...dependent 8 Deisseroth 137154 pAAV-nEF-Coff/Fon-NpHR3.3-EYFP nEF NpHR 3.3 EYFP Flp dependent 8 Deisseroth 65014... ChETA, C1V1 (t/t) Inhibitory Arch and variants eNpHR and variants Jaws stGtACR iC++ OPN3 PdCO PPO Bidirectional...

...CRISPR is a sleek acronym for a real mouthful of a phrase: Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic...

...floxed-eNpHR-EYFP-WPRE-pA Optogenetics Karl Deisseroth AV-9-26966P 26966-AAV9 pAAV-Ef1a-DIO eNpHR 3.0-EYFP...Deisseroth AV-1-26966P 26966-AAV1 pAAV-Ef1a-DIO eNpHR 3.0-EYFP Optogenetics Karl Deisseroth AV-1-26967M... Deisseroth AV-1-26971P 26971-AAV1 pAAV-CaMKIIa-eNpHR 3.0-EYFP Optogenetics Karl Deisseroth AV-1-26973P...Deisseroth AV-5-26966P 26966-AAV5 pAAV-Ef1a-DIO eNpHR 3.0-EYFP Optogenetics Karl Deisseroth AV-5-26968P...Karl Deisseroth AV-5-26972P 26972-AAV5 pAAV-hSyn-eNpHR 3.0-EYFP Optogenetics Karl Deisseroth AV-5-26973P... Deisseroth AV-9-26971P 26971-AAV9 pAAV-CaMKIIa-eNpHR 3.0-EYFP Optogenetics Karl Deisseroth AV-9-26973P...Sternson AV-1-20949P 20949-AAV1 pAAV-double floxed-eNpHR-EYFP-WPRE-pA Karl Deisseroth AV-1-26967P 100050-...

...cited below. Scientists can obtain dCas9-trCIB1, CRY2PHR-p65, and other plasmids from this article through... labs of Jeffrey Chao, Robert Singer, and Anne Ephrussi allows researchers to observe when and where translation...