...antibody and conjugate chosen. Signal Amplification The amount of signal needed from a specific antibody...abundant target, it obscures fainter signals. Fluorophores can emit signals that overlap with each other. Choose... Other Affinity Reagents Handling Visualization Signal Amplification Application Overview Quantification...Fc region. This allows for the amplification of signals by having multiple secondary antibodies binding...sdAbs is usually achieved by conjugation of a signaling molecule directly to the sdAb, or by using a secondary... incorporated in the sdAb. sdAbs can have weak signals due to their monovalent nature. Darpins - Darpins...single arm of the Y). They can be conjugated to signaling molecules and are often used in clinical applications...

...classified by the signaling protein that the receptors couple to: Gq-DREADDs signal through the Gαq/11...employed. Gi-DREADDs signal through the Gαi/o G-protein and inhibit neuronal signaling by inhibiting adenylate...KORDi). Gs-DREADDs signal through the Gαs G-protein and activate neuronal signaling by increasing intracellular...small molecules that do not affect endogenous signaling, therefore allowing precise control over the cell...then activates G-proteins to modulate downstream signaling. GPCRs have been shown to be involved in a wide...of biological processes, including initiating signaling pathways in inflammation and neurotransmission...couples to β-arrestin to activate noncanonical GPCR signaling independent of G proteins. This DREADD, termed...

...NpHR with addition of trafficking signal from Kir2.1 and ER export signal provide improved membrane targeting...light to detect, measure, and control molecular signals and cells in order to understand their functions...are genetically-encoded reporters of molecular signals; e.g., calcium indicators In this overview, we ... the absorption spectrum or adding trafficking signals to localize opsins to the cell membrane. Microbial...566 eArch 3.0 Arch with addition of trafficking signal from Kir2.1 566 ArchT Light-activated outward proton...566 eArchT 3.0 ArchT with addition of trafficking signal from Kir2.1 566 Leptosphaeria rhodopsins Mac Light-activated...maculans 540 eMac 3.0 Mac with addition of trafficking signal from Kir2.1 540 Plan Your Optogenetics Experiment...

...PAM) The PAM sequence (NGG) serves as a binding signal for Cas9, but the exact sequence depends on which...the aptamer improves stability and amplifies the signal for better imaging of genomic loci, as in the CRISPR-Sirius...degraded by Cas12a, it will release a quantifiable signal that indicates the presence of your target DNA ...cleaves the reporter as well, and a quantifiable signal is produced, indicating the presence of that specific...30377362 Casini, A., Olivieri, M., Petris, G., Montagna, C., Reginato, G., Maule, G., Lorenzin, F., Prandi...Pederson, T. (2018). CRISPR-Sirius: RNA scaffolds for signal amplification in genome imaging. Nature Methodss...Vale, R. D. (2014). A Protein-Tagging system for signal amplification in gene expression and fluorescence...

... CTTTATCCAGCCCTCAC (Weinberg Lab) Psi packaging signal, 5' of MCS in pBABE vectors, forward primer pGEX...TACTATTGCCAGCATTGCTGC (Invitrogen) Alpha factor signal sequence, forward primer Amp-R ATAATACCGCGCCACATAGC...GCGTGAATGTAAGCGTGAC (Invitrogen) CYC1 transcription termination signal, reverse primer DsRed1-C AGCTGGACATCACCTCCCACAACG... CTTTATCCAGCCCTCAC (Weinberg Lab) Psi packaging signal, 5' of MCS in pBABE vectors, forward primer pBAD...

...applications, which often use antibodies conjugated to a signaling molecule, can be used to capture, quantify, and...receptors to selectively control and investigate cell signaling pathways. Receptors are remotely controlled via...light to detect, measure, and control molecular signals and cells in order to understand their functions...

...terminator sequence on the newly synthesized RNA signals for the transcription process to stop. An expression...provides the color and intensity of each fluorescent signal. Sanger can sequence approximately 500-1000 bases...

... Promoters Plasmids 101: Terminators and PolyA signals...

...plasmid contains the viral LTRs and psi packaging signal (not pictured). Unless an internal promoter is ...