We narrowed to 15 results for: des.2

...their effect, and outcome in neurons. Table 2: Descriptions of PSAMs and their activity in neurons PSAM...muscarinic receptor and has not been used in vivo. Figure 2: DREADDs, their ligands, and signaling properties.... Reference Rq(R165L) Human M3 muscarinic Arrestin-2/-3 CNO* Increase Arrestin translocation Arrestin signalling...hM1Dq hM5Dq Human M3 muscarinic G αq CNO* Increase Ca 2+ Neuronal burst firing Armbruster et al., 2007 rM3D...FRET-modified bioluminescence. Neurophotonics 11 (2), 021005. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.021005... Guettier, J. M., Gautam, D., Scarselli, M., Ruiz de Azua, I., Li, J. H., Rosemond, E., Ma, X., Gonzalez...improved coupling efficiencies. Neurophotonics, 11 (2), 024208. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.NPh.11.2.024208...

...M. M., Semenova, E., Severinov, K., De Vos, W. M., Dame, R. T., De Vries, R., Brouns, S. J., & Van Der...is an encyclopedia of Class 2 CRISPR systems with wiki entries describing enzyme activity, experimental...Browse Plasmids: Double-Strand Break (Cut) Figure 2: Overview of the NHEJ repair mechanism. Multiplex ...systems enable researchers to target anywhere from 2–7 genetic loci by cloning multiple gRNAs into a single...Cas9 is included in the gRNA-containing plasmid, or 2-vector systems, in which Cas9 must be delivered separately...your experimental cell population (Figure 8E). In a 2-vector system, you’ll need to either co-infect with...the presence of infectious organisms (like SARS-CoV-2 ) and genetic mutations. Similar to Cas9 and Cas12...

...silencing, and desynchronization of neural activity, with single-spike temporal resolution. PloS One, 2 (3), e299...influx into the cell when stimulated. Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2), the first widely adopted optogenetic tool,... (Phy) interaction 660 Cryptochromes Cryptochrome 2 and CIB1 Blue-light–mediated induction of protein ...interactions based on Arabidopsis thaliana cryptochrome 2 and CIB1 450 LARIAT Inhibits protein function by reversibly...customizable TALE DNA-binding domain with cryptochrome 2 protein and its interacting partner CIB1 to control...transcription effectors OPTOSTIM PHR domain2 of cryptochrome 2 (Cry2) from Arabidopsis thaliana is fused to truncated...control of biological systems. Nat Rev Methods Primers, 2 , 55. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43586-022-00136-4 PMID...

...into a Level 2 vector, forming a functional genetic circuit. Level 2 vectors are often designed with flexibility...of three sets of cloning vectors (Level 0, 1, and 2) which can be used in successive assembly steps. Before... iterations of assembly. Combining multiple Level 2 vectors permits the creation of even more complex ... 16 RBS strength variants, 8 tag-compatible RBSs, 2 secretion tags, 6 CDSs, 9 terminators, 4 nonfunctional...of multigene constructs. PLoS One . 2011 Feb 18;6(2):e16765. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016765. PMID: ...Yamamoto Nine pFUS array vectors and destination vectors designed for use with the Golden Gate TALEN and...MoClo kits in our collection. Kit name Type PI Description MoClo Toolkit Plant Expression Sylvestre Marillonnet...

...use of pAdEasy-2 (Addgene #16401) can increase the capacity of the rAdV vector. pAdEasy-2 does not contain... incorporate additional genomic deletions. Figure 2: First-generation rAdV vectors. Created with BioRender.com...and have to be handled at biosafety level two (BSL-2). They are highly immunogenic and can trigger a strong...era of personalized medicine . Genes & Diseases, 4 (2), 43–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gendis.2017.04.001...adenoviruses using the AdEasy system . Nature Protocols, 2 (5), 1236–1247. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2007.135...Adenoviral vector vaccine platforms in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic . NPJ Vaccines, 6 (1), 97. https://doi.org...Adenoviral backbone plasmid that lacks E1 and E3. pAdEasy-2 Adenoviral backbone plasmid that lacks E1, E3, and...

...intact. First-generation plasmids include (Figure 2): Transfer plasmid — contains transgene and wild-type...envelope removed Envelope plasmid — contains env Figure 2: First-generation lentiviral plasmids. Created with...plasmid 1 — contains gag and pol Packaging plasmid 2 — contains rev Envelope plasmid — contains env Third-generation...The inside out of lentiviral vectors. Viruses , 3 (2), 132–159. https://doi.org/10.3390/v3020132 PMID: ...Infectivity and Integration Targeting. PLoS ONE , 2 (12), e1340. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001340...features of lentiviral vectors. Human Gene Therapy , 24 (2), 132–142. https://doi.org/10.1089/hum.2012.229 PMID... Interchangeable; usually encodes for VSV-G Interchangeable; usually encodes for VSV-G Safety Safe; replication...

...specific control of activity. Read More CRISPR Class 2 C lustered R egularly I nterspaced S hort P alindromic...Collection of guides that describe how popular scientific techniques work Science... Science Guides Addgene has created... created the following guides to help you start learning about various scientific concepts related to ...to our plasmid collection. Find links to the guides below. Antibodies Chemogenetics CRISPR Optogenetics... sets. Read More Viral Vectors Find educational guides to learn more about the different types of viruses...

.... A designer AAV variant permits efficient retrograde access to projection neurons . Neuron, 92 (2), 372...components, see the AAV Plasmid Elements table . Figure 2: Plasmids required for rAAV vector production. Created... pseudotyped with viral capsids from serotypes 1, 2, and 5 display differential efficiency and cell tropism...the central nervous system . Molecular Therapy, 10 (2), 302–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymthe.2004.05.024...the production of AAV vectors . Microorganisms, 12 (2), 384. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12020384... Science Guides Viral Vectors AAV Vector Guide Adeno-Associated...inverted terminal repeats (ITRs). The Rep region encodes four non-structural replication proteins (Rep78...

...components (Figure 2), and the optimal system will likely depend on your cell type. Figure 2: Different delivery...either (1) a lack of gRNA and/or Cas9 expression or (2) a lack of efficient target cleavage in cells that...CRISPR-Based genome editing. Trends in Biotechnology , 36 (2), 173–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.11.006...used for gRNA design. Read more about how to design your gRNA . Synthesize and Clone Desired gRNAs Once ...multi-plasmid SAM system Activate Design and Clone Your gRNA Achieving your desired edit comes down to location...on proper gRNA design. While there are some cases where it makes sense to manually design a gRNA, in most...most cases gRNA design software is better and more efficient at designing potential gRNAs for you to choose...

...cells; function is unknown Monomer with a valency of 2 IgE Protects against parasites and is responsible ...such as anaphylactic shock Monomer with a valency of 2 IgG The most abundant isotype in blood, also found...secondary immune response Monomer with a valency of 2 IgG1; IgG2; IgG3; IgG4 IgM Produced during the primary... ranging from antibody fragments (shown in Figure 2) to completely unrelated molecules. Examples include...used for assembling protein nanostructures. Figure 2: An antibody (IgG, far left) compared to alternative... is described in more detail in the Multiplex Assays section below. The following table describes the ... Science Guides Antibody Guide Antibody Guide View Addgene's Antibody...

...types: positive screens and negative screens (Figure 2). Both types of screen employ a selection method relevant...planning to conduct a pooled library screen. Figure 2: A simplified outline for using lentiviral gRNA libraries... Science Guides Guide to Plasmid Pooled Libraries Plasmid Pooled...effects of expressing multiple genes at once. A well-designed screen can help you begin to understand what genes...important to a certain phenotype, and allow you to design additional hypothesis-directed experiments. As ...tube. Pooled libraries can be small, if they are designed to cover only a subset of genes, or very large...

...positions from the transcription start site (TSS) (Figure 2). The Pribnow box (TATAAT) is located at the -10 position...recognizes different core promoter sequences. Figure 2. Basic structure of a bacterial promoter. TSS = transcription...Figure 1). The coding strand is the DNA strand that encodes codons and whose sequence corresponds to the mRNA...or inducible expression. Promoter Expression Description T7 Constitutive Promoter from T7 bacteriophage...different conditions. Promoter Expression Species Description Ac5 Constitutive Insect Strong promoter from ...

...Retroviral Vector Design. In Retroviruses . Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. NIH Bookshelf De Ravin, S. S...gamma-retroviral vectors, you need three plasmids (Figure 2): Transfer plasmid — contains transgene, sgRNA, or...for different cell types (known as tropism). Figure 2: Gamma-retroviral plasmids. Created with BioRender.com...PMID: 24501411 Gilroy, K. L., Terry, A., Naseer, A., De Ridder, J., Allahyar, A., Wang, W., Carpenter, E.... Science Guides Viral Vectors Gamma-Retroviral Vector Guide Gamma-Retroviral...been widely used in the research community for decades. Wildtype gamma-retroviruses have been engineered...with certain cloning methods (such as a Gateway destination vector), so be sure to confirm your chosen plasmid...

...table below. Figure 2: General structure of a plasmid. Plasmid Element Description Origin of Replication...unique restriction enzyme recognition site (Figure 2). These elements allow for the propagation of the ...pairs with G. The order of nucleotides makes up the genetic code and provides the instructions to make ...thymine in RNA molecules. Every 3 nucleotides (codons) in a DNA sequence encodes for an amino acid. The genetic...double-stranded helix. To create the double helix, the nucleotides on the opposing strands of DNA form hydrogen ...acids. Each amino acid is encoded for by three nucleotides, termed a codon. There are 64 codon combinations... for codon-amino acid pairs. Over the past two decades, researchers have also expanded the genetic code...

...Read more in our Gateway Cloning blog post . Figure 2: Summary of Gateway cloning. Created with BioRender.com...for it to then be digested and ligated into your desired plasmid. It is important to note that restriction...enzymes that cut your insert or backbone at only the desired location for your cloning project. Restriction ...rapidly shuttled into any compatible Gateway destination vector, which contains attR sites, via LR clonase...bacterial recombination to easily move it into any destination plasmid that fits your experimental goal. Although... Gateway donor , Gateway entry , and Gateway destination vectors with different promoters, tags, selection...Any dsDNA fragments can be used, so if properly designed, any insert fragment (PCR product or synthesized...